Towards fuel cell membranes with improved lifetime: Aquivion® Perfluorosulfonic Acid membranes containing immobilized radical scavengers

D’Urso, Claudia; Oldani, Claudio; Baglio, V.; Merlo, Luca; Aricò, A.S.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.09.045

Cited by 80 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Recently, transition metal oxides have been inserted in the PFSA membrane or the catalyst layer since the transition metal ions are able to scavenge the radicals by donating or accepting electrons via switching their oxidation states. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] However, the radical-scavenging effects by transition metal oxides are rapidly mitigated during the PEMFC operation because of low chemical stability of the metal oxide in acidic condition. [16][17][18] As a direct approach to reduce the gas crossover and thus to prevent chemical degradation of the MEA, additional gas barrier layers can be introduced between the polymer membrane and the catalyst layer.…”

Section: Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Design of Ultrathin Gas Barrier Layer via Reconstruction of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanoflakes to Enhance the Chemical Stability of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Lee

Jang

Kim

et al. 2019

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Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has great potential as a promising gas barrier layer in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) as it shows high proton conductivity as well as excellent gas‐blocking capability. However, structural defects and mechanical damage during the transfer of the hBN layer and membrane swelling have limited the application of hBN sheets to PEMFCs. Here, an ultrathin gas barrier layer is successfully fabricated on a proton exchange membrane via reconstruction of mechanically exfoliated hBN nanoflakes using a direct spin‐coating process. The hBN‐coated layer effectively suppresses the gas crossover and inhibits the formation of reactive oxygen radicals in the electrodes without reducing the proton conductivity of the membrane. It is also demonstrated that the structural advantages of hBN‐coated gas barrier layers promise high performance of a unit cell even after a open‐circuit voltage (OCV) hold test for 100 h. Furthermore, through in‐depth postmortem analyses, a time‐dependent degradation mechanism of membrane electrode assembly under the OCV condition is rationally proposed.

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Section: Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Design of Ultrathin Gas Barrier Layer via Reconstruction of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanoflakes to Enhance the Chemical Stability of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Lee

Jang

Kim

et al. 2019

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“…Aquivion ® /PTFE composite membranes exhibited a proton conductivity of 0.2 S/cm at 120˝C compared to a value of 0.094 S/cm for Nafion ® 211 under the same conditions [32]. In addition, a radical scavenger, such as ceria supported on sulfonated silica [33], can be doped in the composite membrane to improve the durability. Open circuit voltage (OCV) testing indicated that the durability of the composite membrane doped with a radical scavenger was seven times higher than the membrane without the radical scavenger.…”

Section: Composite Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on the Key Materials and Components for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells in Vehicle Applications

Wang

Peng

et al. 2016

Energies

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Fuel cells are the most clean and efficient power source for vehicles. In particular, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are the most promising candidate for automobile applications due to their rapid start-up and low-temperature operation. Through extensive global research efforts in the latest decade, the performance of PEMFCs, including energy efficiency, volumetric and mass power density, and low temperature startup ability, have achieved significant breakthroughs. In 2014, fuel cell powered vehicles were introduced into the market by several prominent vehicle companies. However, the low durability and high cost of PEMFC systems are still the main obstacles for large-scale industrialization of this technology. The key materials and components used in PEMFCs greatly affect their durability and cost. In this review, the technical progress of key materials and components for PEMFCs has been summarized and critically discussed, including topics such as the membrane, catalyst layer, gas diffusion layer, and bipolar plate. The development of high-durability processing technologies is also introduced. Finally, this review is concluded with personal perspectives on the future research directions of this area.

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“…[1,2] The chemical stability of the solid ionomer membrane is a particularly significant issue in the current development of polymer electrolytes. [13,21] Up to a sevenfold increase in membrane lifetime during an accelerated stress test was observed by D'Urso et al [13] Cerium may be simply added to the Nafion dispersion prior to the casting procedure. [20] The reaction of generated radicals in the membrane with Ce (III) is faster than the reaction of the radicals with the membrane ionomer, mitigating chemical membrane degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cerium Oxide Decorated Polymer Nanofibers as Effective Membrane Reinforcement for Durable, High‐Performance Fuel Cells

Breitwieser

Klose

Hartmann

et al. 2016

Advanced Energy Materials

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High‐power, durable composite fuel cell membranes are fabricated here by direct membrane deposition (DMD). Poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP) nanofibers, decorated with CeO2 nanoparticles are directly electrospun onto gas diffusion electrodes. The nanofiber mesh is impregnated by inkjet‐printed Nafion ionomer dispersion. This results in 12 µm thin multicomponent composite membranes. The nanofibers provide membrane reinforcement, whereas the attached CeO2 nanoparticles promote improved chemical membrane durability due to their radical scavenging properties. In a 100 h accelerated stress test under hot and dry conditions, the reinforced DMD fuel cell shows a more than three times lower voltage decay rate (0.39 mV h−1) compared to a comparably thin Gore membrane (1.36 mV h−1). The maximum power density of the DMD fuel cell drops by 9%, compared to 54% measured for the reference. Impedance spectroscopy reveals that ionic and mass transport resistance of the DMD fuel cell are unaffected by the accelerated stress test. This is in contrast to the reference, where a 90% increase of the mass transport resistance is measured. Energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy reveals that no significant migration of cerium into the catalyst layers occurs during degradation. This proves that the PVDF‐HFP backbone provides strong anchoring of CeO2 in the membrane.

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Towards fuel cell membranes with improved lifetime: Aquivion® Perfluorosulfonic Acid membranes containing immobilized radical scavengers

Cited by 80 publications

References 29 publications

Rational Design of Ultrathin Gas Barrier Layer via Reconstruction of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanoflakes to Enhance the Chemical Stability of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Rational Design of Ultrathin Gas Barrier Layer via Reconstruction of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanoflakes to Enhance the Chemical Stability of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Recent Progress on the Key Materials and Components for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells in Vehicle Applications

Cerium Oxide Decorated Polymer Nanofibers as Effective Membrane Reinforcement for Durable, High‐Performance Fuel Cells

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