Towards harnessing hydrodynamic cavitation for producing emulsions: Breakage of an oil drop in a vortex based cavitation device

Thaker, Abhijeet H.; Ranade, Vivek V.

doi:10.1016/j.cep.2021.108753

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The drop breakage and generated emulsion through single-pass HC treatment was systematically studied. Overall, a proof of concept for employing these vortex-based HC devices for emulsions , was developed. We used focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) for determining the drop size distribution .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emulsions Using a Vortex-Based Cavitation Device: Influence of Number of Passes, Pressure Drop, and Device Scale on Droplet Size Distributions

Thaker

Ranade

2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Liquid−liquid emulsions are used in a variety of industry sectors, including personal care, home care, food, and nutrition. The development of compact and modular systems and devices for creating emulsions with desired droplet size distribution (DSD) is becoming increasingly important. In this work, we have shown use of vortex-based cavitation devices for producing emulsions at nominal flow rate of 1 LPM and 20 LPM. We present new experimental results providing quantitative information on influence of multiple passes through the vortex based hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) device, type of oil and device scale on the breakage process and resulting DSDs. Multiple pass experiments were performed for generating oil-in-water emulsions containing 5 and 15% of oil. Rapeseed oil (RO) and tetrachloroethylene (TCE) were used as oil phases with densities of 915 and 1620 kg/m 3 , respectively. The effect of pressure drop across the HC device in the range of 50−250 kPa on DSD was examined. The HC device was shown to exhibit significant higher efficiency compared to alternative emulsion making devices (i.e., homogenizers, venturi, and orifice-based HC devices), and the Sauter mean drop size was found to reduce from 66 μm to less than 2 μm after about 50 passes in all the device scales. The DSD of the RO−water system showed a bimodal nature, whereas monomodal DSD was found for TCE−water system. Preliminary simulations using the computational fluid dynamics−population balance model (CFD-PBM) models developed in the previous work indicated the inadequacy of developed models to capture the influence of cavitation on DSDs. By carrying out Hinze scale analysis of bimodal DSD, we for the first time showed the existence of two different mechanisms (one based on conventional turbulent shear and the other based on collapsing cavities) of droplet breakage in HC devices. The order of magnitude of turbulence energy dissipation rates generated due to collapsing cavity estimated using Hinze scale analysis showed good agreement with the values reported from cavity dynamics models. The presented experimental results and analysis will be useful for researchers and engineers interested in developing computational models and compact devices for producing emulsions of the desired DSD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emulsions Using a Vortex-Based Cavitation Device: Influence of Number of Passes, Pressure Drop, and Device Scale on Droplet Size Distributions

Thaker

Ranade

2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Recently, Ranade and his group have reported using vortex-HC reactors for water disinfection, wastewater treatment, 46,48,49 desulphurization, 50 and emulsification. 30,31 As discussed above, high energy methods usually operate at high pressures (100−1000 bar), whereas low energy methods such as orifice and venturi devices usually require operating pressures in the range of 5−50 bar to achieve the desired cavitational yield and minimum droplet size of a nanoemulsion.…”

Section: High Pressure (High Energy) Hc Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The desired cavitational intensity and homogenization efficiency can be achieved by varying the rotational velocity and residence time, which depend on the flow rate and operating pressure of the vortex system. Recently, Ranade and his group have reported using vortex-HC reactors for water disinfection, wastewater treatment, ,, desulphurization, and emulsification. , …”

Section: Hc-based Homogenizers: Types and Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thaker and Ranade , recently used a low pressure vortex-based HC device to prepare emulsions. The main focus of their study was on the development of CFD and population balance models to study the droplet breakage in a single pass through this device.…”

Section: Hc-based Homogenizers: Types and Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, only a few studies have reported the use of LEHC for emulsification. − ,,− Although the HC technique has presented several advantages over conventional homogenizers, the impact of chemical effects of cavitation phenomena on emulsion’s physicochemical properties has often been overlooked. Therefore, this review aims to give an overview of hydrodynamic cavitation techniques used for emulsification, including the effects of HC on the physical stability of emulsion and the consequences of chemical effects on physicochemical properties of emulsions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical Review on Hydrodynamic Cavitation as an Intensifying Homogenizing Technique for Oil-in-Water Emulsification: Theoretical Insight, Current Status, and Future Perspectives

Carpenter

Pinjari

Saharan

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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In the recent decade, hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) emerged as a promising and effective homogenization technique for preparing oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsion. This technique has presented several advantages: size reduction to the nanoscale, longterm kinetic stability, and high energy efficiency. However, in the reported literature, the physical and chemical stability has not been considered to define the quality of the prepared emulsions using HC. Therefore, it is now essential to understand the effect of several geometrical and operating parameters of HC on the physical and chemical stabilities of the prepared emulsions to cover their broader applications. This review attempts to answer this question through a critical analysis of previously reported work. This review gives an overview of the mechanism of cavitationally assisted emulsification, disruptive forces involved in the emulsification process, operating parameters affecting the emulsion stability, and the current research in this area. This review elucidates the possible HC-induced lipid degradation pathway during emulsification which has been overlooked so far. The possible mechanisms and operating conditions affecting the lipid oxidation during HC-assisted emulsification are presented. Some effective strategies and recommendations for obtaining the optimum operating parameters are presented. Future perspectives and directions for further investigations in this area are also discussed.

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Liquid‐Liquid Emulsion Produced by 3D‐Printed Vortex‐Based Hydrodynamic Cavitation Device

et al. 2023

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3D-printed vortex-based devices have shown excellent performance in realizing hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) and have opened up new ways of effectively producing oil-in-water emulsions via cavitation. In this work, the performance of machined and 3D-printed vortex-based HC devices for producing liquid-liquid emulsions was compared in terms of droplet breakage efficiency and energy consumption per kilogram of emulsion. The Euler numbers of 3D-printed and VMCmachined HC devices were 42 and 48, respectively. The differences in droplet size distribution and other characteristic diameters were insignificant after 50 passes.The present work confirms the potential of harnessing 3D printing technology for fabricating HC devices and can facilitate development of new device designs to improve overall emulsification performance.

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Towards harnessing hydrodynamic cavitation for producing emulsions: Breakage of an oil drop in a vortex based cavitation device

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Emulsions Using a Vortex-Based Cavitation Device: Influence of Number of Passes, Pressure Drop, and Device Scale on Droplet Size Distributions

Emulsions Using a Vortex-Based Cavitation Device: Influence of Number of Passes, Pressure Drop, and Device Scale on Droplet Size Distributions

Critical Review on Hydrodynamic Cavitation as an Intensifying Homogenizing Technique for Oil-in-Water Emulsification: Theoretical Insight, Current Status, and Future Perspectives

Liquid‐Liquid Emulsion Produced by 3D‐Printed Vortex‐Based Hydrodynamic Cavitation Device

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