Towards High‐Safe Lithium Metal Anodes: Suppressing Lithium Dendrites via Tuning Surface Energy

Wang, Dong; Zhang, Wei; Zheng, Weitao; Cui, Xiaoqiang; Rojo, Teófilo; Zhang, Qiang

doi:10.1002/advs.201600168

Cited by 449 publications

(284 citation statements)

References 103 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

269

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…[144][145][146][147] However, this strategy loses 90% of the capacity contributing from Li metal anode and now cannot satisfy the urgent demand of high energy density devices. Exploring an efficient host for Li metal anode is quite crucial for a practical Li−S battery.…”

Section: Metal Protection In Li−s Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Li Metal Anode in Working Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Cheng

Huang

Zhang

2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

Self Cite

251

170

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Due to the high theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh kg −1 , lithium-sulfur batteries are strongly regarded as the promising nextgeneration energy storage devices. However, the practical applications of lithium-sulfur batteries are challenged by several obstacles, including the low sulfur utilization and poor lifespan, which are partly attributed to the shuttle of lithium polysulfides and lithium dendrite growth in working lithium-sulfur batteries. Suppressing lithium dendrite growth is a necessary step not only for a safe and efficient Li metal anode, but also for a high capacity cell with a high Coulombic efficiency. Herein we review the lithium metal anode protection in a polysulfide-rich environment, relative to most reviews on lithium metal anode without considering the effect of lithium polysulfides in lithium metal batteries. Firstly, the importance and dilemma of Li metal anode issues in lithium-sulfur batteries are underscored, aiming to arouse the attentions to Li metal anode protection. Specific attentions are paid to the surface chemistry of Li metal anode in a polysulfide-rich lithium-sulfur battery. Next, the proposed strategies to stabilize solid electrolyte interface and protect Li metal anode are included. Finally, a general conclusion and a perspective on the current limitations, as well as recommended future research directions of Li metal anode in lithium-sulfur batteries are presented. The ever-increasing requirement for efficient and economic energy storage technologies has triggered the continued research into advanced battery systems.1 Lithium ion batteries, based on the lithium intercalation chemistry, have dominated the battery market since their commercial application in the 1990s.2 However, conventional lithium ion batteries are very expensive and their energy densities (theoretically, 350 − 500 Wh kg −1 , practically, 100 − 250 Wh kg −1 ) seem insufficient for long-range electrical vehicles and high-end portable electronics. These emerging demands have energized the evolution of other alternative rechargeable batteries with higher energy density and longer lifespan.3 Lithium−sulfur (Li−S) battery, a 'beyond Li-ion' technology, has drawn extensive attentions due to its high specific capacity (1675 mAh g −1 ) and energy density (2600 Wh kg −1 ). 4-6The greater energy storage ability of Li−S batteries is realized through the phase-transformation electrochemistry based on elemental sulfur cathode and metallic lithium anode [S 8 + 16Li ↔ 8Li 2 S], 7,8 which is fundamentally different from current transition metal-based cathodes and graphite-based anodes in Li-ion batteries.The conversion chemistry in a Li−S cell offers not only significant advantages as mentioned above, but also some critical challenges, such as the low conductivity of sulfur and lithium sulfide, the huge volumetric change from sulfur (71 mol L −1 ) to lithium sulfide (36 mol L −1 ), and the shuttle of long-chain polysulfide intermediates during discharge/charge cycling.9-12 Therefore, a composite cathode with sulfur in ...

show abstract

Section: Metal Protection In Li−s Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Li Metal Anode in Working Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Cheng

Huang

Zhang

2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

Self Cite

251

170

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[6][7][8][9][10] Unfortunately, the uneven plating/stripping of Li metal causes uncontrolled Li dendrite growth, which induces a series of problems. [6][7][8][9][10] Unfortunately, the uneven plating/stripping of Li metal causes uncontrolled Li dendrite growth, which induces a series of problems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

N‐Doped Graphene Modified 3D Porous Cu Current Collector toward Microscale Homogeneous Li Deposition for Li Metal Anodes

Zhang

Wen

Wang

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

169

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

standard hydrogen electrode). [6][7][8][9][10] Unfortunately, the uneven plating/stripping of Li metal causes uncontrolled Li dendrite growth, which induces a series of problems. First, the continuous growth of Li dendrites may puncture the separator and cause short circuit, consequently resulting in serious safety issues. [11][12][13][14] Second, Li dendrite growth can consume electrolyte and dendritic Li may lose its electronic contact with electrode (called "dead Li") during Li stripping process, accordingly reducing the Coulombic efficiency (CE) and leading to capacity fading. [15][16][17] In addition, different from the other anode materials, the relative volume change of Li metal anodes is infinite due to its "hostless" nature, leading to internal pressure changes and interfacial fluctuations. The solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer on the surface of the electrodes, which may not accommodate the volume change, will be repeatedly break and form during continuous cycling. [18][19][20] Moreover, the broken SEI will greatly exacerbate the uneven Li electrodeposits nucleate and accelerate the growth of Li dendrites. [21,22] These severe problems impede the practical applications of Li metal anodes and the approach to solve these multifaceted problems would be imperative.To tackle these critical issues, tremendous efforts have been taken to improve the stability of Li metal anodes and the SEI from different perspectives. In order to stabilize the SEI layer, various electrolyte additives, such as Cs + and Rb + ions, LiF, Li 2 S 8 , and LiNO 3 , were used. [23][24][25] Introducing nanoscale interfacial layers has also been intensively investigated (such as interconnected carbon nanospheres [26] and hexagonal boron nitride [27] ), where repeated deposition/stripping of Li under the layers exhibited stable CE. However, the above-mentioned methods based on Li foil (2D Li metal anodes) could not effectually prevent the huge volume change upon stripping/plating of Li metal. Thus, the internal pressure changes and interfacial fluctuations still happened during cycling. [28] To solve this problem, the 3D porous current collectors were used as host structures for Li metal in recent studies, such as 3D porous copper current collectors, [29][30][31][32][33] 3D nickel foam host, [34] and graphene [35,36] electrode. As a major part of Li metal batteries, the current collector has direct influence Lithium metal is the most promising anode material for high-energy-density batteries due to its high specific capacity of 3860 mAh g −1 and low reduction potential of −3.04 V versus standard hydrogen electrode. However, huge volume change, safety concerns, and low efficiency impede the practical applications of Li metal anodes. Herein, it is shown that the nitrogen-doped graphene modified 3D porous Cu (3DCu@NG) current collector can mitigate the above problems. The N-doped graphene, coating on the surface of 3D current collector, not only contributes to a uniform Li + flux, but also leads to a scattered distribution of electrons t...

show abstract

“…In addition, unstacked graphenes with a hexagonal‐drum like morphology can reduce the effective current density of the electrode, regulate Li deposition, and suppress dendrite formation . Most studies were aimed at developing large surface area porous hosts to reduce the local current density and thus inhibit dendrite formation according to the classical theory of dendrite growth . However, recent studies have shown that porous hosts with a large electroactive surface area are helpful in reducing the nucleation overpotential and producing uniform Li deposition .…”

Section: Strategies For Developing Stable LI Metal Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key Aspects of Lithium Metal Anodes for Lithium Metal Batteries

Ghazi

Sun

et al. 2019

Small

294

180

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rechargeable batteries are considered promising replacements for environmentally hazardous fossil fuel‐based energy technologies. High‐energy lithium‐metal batteries have received tremendous attention for use in portable electronic devices and electric vehicles. However, the low Coulombic efficiency, short life cycle, huge volume expansion, uncontrolled dendrite growth, and endless interfacial reactions of the metallic lithium anode are major obstacles in their commercialization. Extensive research efforts have been devoted to address these issues and significant progress has been made by tuning electrolyte chemistry, designing electrode frameworks, discovering nanotechnology‐based solutions, etc. This Review aims to provide a conceptual understanding of the current issues involved in using a lithium metal anode and to unveil its electrochemistry. The most recent advancements in lithium metal battery technology are outlined and suggestions for future research to develop a safe and stable lithium anode are presented.

show abstract

Towards High‐Safe Lithium Metal Anodes: Suppressing Lithium Dendrites via Tuning Surface Energy

Cited by 449 publications

References 103 publications

Review—Li Metal Anode in Working Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Review—Li Metal Anode in Working Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

N‐Doped Graphene Modified 3D Porous Cu Current Collector toward Microscale Homogeneous Li Deposition for Li Metal Anodes

Key Aspects of Lithium Metal Anodes for Lithium Metal Batteries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About