Towards intelligent contention-based geographic forwarding in wireless sensor networks

Cheng, Long; Cao, Jiannong; Chen, Canfeng; Chen, Hongyang; Ma, Jian

doi:10.1049/iet-com.2010.0580

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…With the popularity of global positioning systems (GPS), the geographic location information of the neighbors has been considered as a metric to select and sort the candidate set nodes [28,29]. Accordingly, depending on the Distance Progress (DP), the forwarder node computes the Euclidean distance between potential candidate nodes and the given destination; the closest node to the geographic location of the destination has higher priority to become the potential next-hop forwarder.…”

Section: Background and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

FQ-AGO: Fuzzy Logic Q-Learning Based Asymmetric Link Aware and Geographic Opportunistic Routing Scheme for MANETs

2020

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The proliferation of mobile and IoT devices, coupled with the advances in the wireless communication capabilities of these devices, have urged the need for novel communication paradigms for such heterogeneous hybrid networks. Researchers have proposed opportunistic routing as a means to leverage the potentials offered by such heterogeneous networks. While several proposals for multiple opportunistic routing protocols exist, only a few have explored fuzzy logic to evaluate wireless links status in the network to construct stable and faster paths towards the destinations. We propose FQ-AGO, a novel Fuzzy Logic Q-learning Based Asymmetric Link Aware and Geographic Opportunistic Routing scheme that leverages the presence of long-range transmission links to assign forwarding candidates towards a given destination. The proposed routing scheme utilizes fuzzy logic to evaluate whether a wireless link is useful or not by capturing multiple network metrics, the available bandwidth, link quality, node transmission power, and distance progress. Based on the fuzzy logic evaluation, the proposed routing scheme employs a Q-learning algorithm to select the best candidate set toward the destination. We implemented FQ-AGO on the ns-3 simulator and compared the performance of the proposed routing scheme with three other relevant protocols: AODV, DSDV, and GOR. For precise analysis, we considered various network metrics to compare the performance of the routing protocols. The simulation result validates our analysis and demonstrates remarkable performance improvements in terms of total network throughput, packet delivery ration, and end-to-end delay. FQ-AGO achieves up to 15%, 50%, and 45% higher throughput compared to DSDV, AODV, and GOR, respectively. Meanwhile, FQ-AGO reduces by 50% the end-to-end latency and the average number of hop-count.

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Section: Background and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

FQ-AGO: Fuzzy Logic Q-Learning Based Asymmetric Link Aware and Geographic Opportunistic Routing Scheme for MANETs

2020

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“…Energy‐efficient routing protocols for ad hoc and terrestrial sensor networks (AHTSNs) have been heavily investigated in recent years . However, existing terrestrial energy‐efficient routing solutions are inappropriate for these networks because of the nature of the underwater environment and the requirements of time‐critical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Energy-efficient routing protocols for ad hoc and terrestrial sensor networks (AHTSNs) have been heavily investigated in recent years. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] However, existing terrestrial energy-efficient routing solutions are inappropriate for these networks because of the nature of the underwater environment and the requirements of time-critical applications. As a result, the idea of using tiny sensor nodes equipped with the capability of wireless communication in underwater environments has received increasing interest in the fields of commercial exploitation and scientific exploration, and hence UASNs have been used for many different applications including monitoring, control, surveillance, and measurement.…”

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confidence: 99%

LRP: Link quality‐aware queue‐based spectral clustering routing protocol for underwater acoustic sensor networks

Faheem

Tuna

Güngör

2016

Int J Communication

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Summary Recently, underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) have been considered as a promising approach for monitoring and exploring the oceans in lieu of traditional underwater wireline instruments. As a result, a broad range of applications exists ranging from oil industry to aquaculture and includes oceanographic data collection, disaster prevention, offshore exploration, assisted navigation, tactical surveillance, and pollution monitoring. However, the unique characteristics of underwater acoustic communication channels, such as high bit error rate, limited bandwidth, and variable delay, lead to a large number of packet drops, low throughput, and significant waste of energy because of packets retransmission in these applications. Hence, designing an efficient and reliable data communication protocol between sensor nodes and the sink is crucial for successful data transmission in underwater applications. Accordingly, this paper is intended to introduce a novel nature‐inspired evolutionary link quality‐aware queue‐based spectral clustering routing protocol for UASN‐based underwater applications. Because of its distributed nature, link quality‐aware queue‐based spectral clustering routing protocol successfully distributes network data traffic load evenly in harsh underwater environments and avoids hotspot problems that occur near the sink. In addition, because of its double check mechanism for signal to noise ratio and Euclidean distance, it adopts opportunistically and provides reliable dynamic cluster‐based routing architecture in the entire network. To sum up, the proposed approach successfully finds the best forwarding relay node for data transmission and avoids path loops and packet losses in both sparse and densely deployed UASNs. Our experimental results obtained in a set of extensive simulation studies verify that the proposed protocol performs better than the existing routing protocols in terms of data delivery ratio, overall network throughput, end‐to‐end delay, and energy efficiency.

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“…Considering that the sensor nodes are equipped with batteries with limited electrical energy, a basic and efficient way to solve this problem is for the sensor nodes to stay asleep for a proper period of time and to wake-up intermittently for active jobs such as wireless communications. Based on this concept, many studies have attempted to find efficient data-forwarding strategies that satisfy the criteria of low energyconsumption levels and forwarding delays, with many approaches being either synchronous or asynchronous [1,3], and geographical or non-geographical [2,5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An additional assumption is that all the sensor nodes consume a fixed amount of transmission energy for data transmissions, which can be modified to improve performance. Using geographical information such as the positions of the sensor nodes can improve the performances of data-forwarding strategies [2,5]. However, the acquisition of the geographical information is a still challenging problem in practical environments and the amount of exchanged data related to the location rapidly increases as the number of sensor nodes increases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Asynchronous data‐forwarding strategy to reduce forwarding delay in energy‐harvesting wireless sensor networks

Suh

Berber

2013

Electron. lett.

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The existing data-forwarding strategies in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) may not be feasible for some applications where synchronisation and physical location information are not available. A novel asynchronous data-forwarding strategy for energy-harvesting WSNs is proposed, where the sleep duration, wake-up moment and the transmission coverage of a sensor node are determined independently on a per-node basis. This strategy obviates the need for synchronisation control and the precise location information of the sensor node. The numerical results show that the data-forwarding delay can be significantly reduced by the proposed strategy. The reduction in the delay is more notable for WSNs with more sensor nodes.Introduction: When direct transmission from the source sensor nodes to the data sink is not feasible in a wireless sensor network (WSN), multihop forwarding strategies using other sensor nodes as relays are usually used [1][2][3][4]. This necessarily incurs a longer data-forwarding delay and additional energy consumption at the sensor nodes. Considering that the sensor nodes are equipped with batteries with limited electrical energy, a basic and efficient way to solve this problem is for the sensor nodes to stay asleep for a proper period of time and to wake-up intermittently for active jobs such as wireless communications. Based on this concept, many studies have attempted to find efficient data-forwarding strategies that satisfy the criteria of low energyconsumption levels and forwarding delays, with many approaches being either synchronous or asynchronous [1,3], and geographical or non-geographical [2,5].In strategies based on a synchronous duty cycle, the sensor nodes must be synchronised globally or locally in time so as to become active at the same time. During the active time, connectivity among them is established and exchanges of data are accomplished with a relatively short delay. However, this approach with synchronised nodes requires the exchange of a synchronisation schedule with neighbouring nodes, which can be overhead on the network. On the other hand, asynchronous duty cycle-based sensor nodes in the network have independent wake-up moments, thus obviating the need for synchronisationrelated operations [1,4]. However, under asynchronous strategies, because the transmitting nodes should wait for the wake-up of the neighbouring relay node, the generated data can be expected to have longer latency of data-forwarding delay.It is reasonable to assume that a sensor node with more remaining energy should wake-up more frequently, thus a DSR (duty-cycle scheduling based on residual energy) scheme [4] for an energyharvesting WSN was proposed, in which the sleep period of the sensor nodes is a function of their residual energy. An additional assumption is that all the sensor nodes consume a fixed amount of transmission energy for data transmissions, which can be modified to improve performance. Using geographical information such as the positions of the sensor nodes can improve the performances of da...

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Towards intelligent contention-based geographic forwarding in wireless sensor networks

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

FQ-AGO: Fuzzy Logic Q-Learning Based Asymmetric Link Aware and Geographic Opportunistic Routing Scheme for MANETs

FQ-AGO: Fuzzy Logic Q-Learning Based Asymmetric Link Aware and Geographic Opportunistic Routing Scheme for MANETs

LRP: Link quality‐aware queue‐based spectral clustering routing protocol for underwater acoustic sensor networks

Asynchronous data‐forwarding strategy to reduce forwarding delay in energy‐harvesting wireless sensor networks

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