Towards load-bearing biomedical titanium-based alloys: From essential requirements to future developments

3D Printed Pedicle Screws with Microarc Oxidation Ceramic Interfaces Enhance Osteointegration and Orthopedic Fixation Feasibility

“…16 Currently, there is a gowing demands for metallic load-bearing implants employed in the field of orthopedics, such as hip and knee joint replacements, vertebral body reconstruction, and orthodontics. 17,18 How to improve the adaptation of mechanical properties of orthopedics metallic implants to promote osteointegration is the key issue. 19,20 Previous studies have optimized the mechanical properties of Ti-based scaffolds via introducing porous structure and 3D printing methods.…”

“…Current Ti6Al4V implants have a dense, solid matrix that allows cells and tissues to extend only to the surface of the implant but not to grow into the implant, increasing the risk of fixation failure due to bone resorption and decreased bone density around the implant interfaces . Currently, there is a gowing demands for metallic load-bearing implants employed in the field of orthopedics, such as hip and knee joint replacements, vertebral body reconstruction, and orthodontics. , How to improve the adaptation of mechanical properties of orthopedics metallic implants to promote osteointegration is the key issue. , Previous studies have optimized the mechanical properties of Ti-based scaffolds via introducing porous structure and 3D printing methods. , SLM printing technique generates 3D constructs from molten metal powders, and micropores formed in the workpieces due to the gas trapping and incomplete remelting. − Therefore, SLM-printed implants have a lower Young’s modulus than conventional orthopedic implants produced by direct machining of alloy rods. , In this study, the pedicle screws were designed to be fully through-hole and were fabricated by SLM 3D printing to improve cell ingrowth and accelerate osseointegration . This work also paves a new method for the development of high-performance orthopedic surgery implants.…”

Influence of intermetallic phase (TiFe) on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of as-cast and quenched Ti–Mo–Fe alloys

“…Metallic materials are vastly deployed in load bearing structures of the human body such as hip and knee implants because of their exceptional properties such as high mechanical strength, fatigue resistance and ease of machining. In such biomedical applications, it is important for the biomaterial to possess long term durability when implanted in the human body to support and stabilize the bone and joints 1 . Presently, at least two-thirds of implants are produced from metallic biomaterials such as stainless steel, cobalt-chromium alloys, and titanium and its alloys 2 .…”

“…The above drawbacks stimulated research into design and development of β-Ti type alloys with non-toxic elements such as niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), zirconium (Zr), molybdenum (Mo), and tin (Sn) ect, which are biocompatible, with moderate strength and the lowest modulus as compared to the Ti6Al4V alloy. The candidacy alloy are subjected to unique requirements such as biocompatibility which is essential for the interaction with human tissues in the biological environment, the mechanical properties such as moderate strength and low elastic modulus to avoid the stress shielding effects, the alloy must have high resistance to corrosion and wear resistance 1 . Current developed alloys to be used as metallic biomaterials include: Ti–13Nb–13Zr 7 , Ti–12Mo–6Zr–2Fe (TMZF) 8 , Ti–15Mo 9 , Ti–Nb 17 Ta 6 O 1 (TNTO) 10 , Ti–29Nb–13Ta–4.6Zr (TNTZ) 11 , Ti–35Nb–2Ta–3Zr 12 and Ti2448 13 alloys which demonstrated low elastic modulus, moderate strength, better corrosion properties when studied under different processing techniques.…”

Effect of Lattice Structure on Mechanical Properties of Ti-6Al-4V-Ta Alloy for Improved Antibacterial Properties

“…Recent advancements in biomedical titanium alloys have significantly enhanced the performance and applicability of medical implants, crucial for improving patient outcomes and quality of life. Biocompatibility remains a fundamental requirement, with current research focusing on incorporating elements such as molybdenum (Mo), tantalum (Ta), and chromium (Cr) to enhance the interaction between the implants and biological tissues [1][2][3]. These elements improve cell adhesion and reduce inflammation, ensuring harmonious integration with human tissues.…”