Towards on-chip clocking of perpendicular Nanomagnetic Logic

Becherer, Markus; Kiermaier, Josef; Breitkreutz, Stephan; Eichwald, Irina; Ziemys, Grazvydas; Csaba, G.; Schmitt‐Landsiedel, D.

doi:10.1016/j.sse.2014.06.012

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For pNML, a narrow distribution is preferred as it allows more reliable switching of the magnets and therefore leads to less error prone NML circuits and systems. 18 The observed behavior above 100 ns can be modeled with the well known Arrhenius equation 5 :…”

Section: B Measurements and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 The power clock is an oscillatory magnetic field, consisting of alternating positive and negative magnetic field pulses. The power clock is generated by an on-chip inductor and is parametrized depending on the logical functionality of the chip.…”

Section: Principles Of Pnmlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The power clock is generated by an on-chip inductor and is parametrized depending on the logical functionality of the chip. 5,10 There are several approaches to implement perpendicular magnetization for the nanomagnets. Various materials such as Co/Ni, 11 CoFeB, 12 and others were shown to provide PMA.…”

Section: Principles Of Pnmlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the magnetization reversal of perpendicular Nanomagnetic Logic clocked in the ns-range

et al. 2016

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We have investigated the magnetization reversal of fabricated Co/Pt nanomagnets with perpendicular anisotropy within a wide range of magnetic field pulse widths. This experiment covers the pulse lengths from 700 ms to 20 ns. We observed that the commonly used Arrhenius model fits very well the experimental data with a single parameter set for pulse times above 100 ns (tp > 100 ns). However, below 100 ns (tp < 100 ns), a steep increase of the switching field amplitude is observed and the deviation from the Arrhenius model becomes unacceptable. For short pulse times the model can be adjusted by the reversal time term for the dynamic switching field which is only dependent on the pulse amplitude and not on temperature anymore. Precise modeling of the magnetization reversal in the sub-100 ns-range is crucially important to ensure reliable operation in the favored GHz-range as well as to explore and design new kinds of Nanomagnetic Logic circuits and architectures.

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Section: B Measurements and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Principles Of Pnmlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the magnetization reversal of perpendicular Nanomagnetic Logic clocked in the ns-range

et al. 2016

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“…Such field is generated by on chip structured coils near the magnets. 3 The soft spot of a magnet is called artificial nucleation center (ANC), and is generated by local irradiation with a focused ion beam (FIB). The ions locally intermix the layers of the film stack which results in a reduced magnetic anisotropy at the irradiated area.…”

Section: Pnml Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiment-based thermal micromagnetic simulations of the magnetization reversal for ns-range clocked nanomagnetic logic

et al. 2017

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Extensive thermal micromagnetic simulations, based on experimental data and parameters, were performed to investigate the magnetization reversal in Co/Pt nanomagnets with locally reduced perpendicular anisotropy on the nanosecond range. The simulations were supported by experimental data gained on manufactured Co/Pt nanomagnets, as used in nanomagnetic logic. It is known that magnetization reversal is governed by two mechanisms. At pulse lengths longer than 100 ns, thermal activation dominates the magnetization reversal processes and follows the common accepted Arrhenius law. For pulse lengths shorter than 100 ns, the dynamic reversal dominates. With the help of thermal micro-magnetic simulations we found out that the point where the both mechanisms meet is determined by the damping constant α of the multilayer film stack. The optimization of ferromagnetic multilayer film stacks enables higher clocking rates with lower power consumption and, therefore, further improve the performance of pNML.

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“…An alternating magnetic clocking field generated by an on-chip coil provides the energy required to switch the magnets and, therefore, acts as both power supply and clock for the NML systems [3]. Majority gates, realized by the superposition of stray fields within arrays of magnets, provide basic logic operations, which can be assembled to complex logic circuits by interconnecting several gates with magnetic nanowires [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and simulation of nanomagnetic logic with cadence virtuoso using Verilog-A

Ziemys

Giebfried

Becherer

et al. 2016

Solid-State Electronics

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Towards on-chip clocking of perpendicular Nanomagnetic Logic

Cited by 23 publications

References 20 publications

Characterization of the magnetization reversal of perpendicular Nanomagnetic Logic clocked in the ns-range

Characterization of the magnetization reversal of perpendicular Nanomagnetic Logic clocked in the ns-range

Experiment-based thermal micromagnetic simulations of the magnetization reversal for ns-range clocked nanomagnetic logic

Modeling and simulation of nanomagnetic logic with cadence virtuoso using Verilog-A

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