Towards Optimal System Scheduling With Synthetic Inertia Provision From Wind Turbines

Abstract

The undergoing transition from conventional to converter-interfaced renewable generation leads to significant challenges in maintaining frequency stability due to declining system inertia. In this paper, a novel control framework for Synthetic Inertia (SI) provision from Wind Turbines (WTs) is proposed, which eliminates the secondary frequency dip and allows the dynamics of SI from WTs to be analytically integrated into the system frequency dynamics. Furthermore, analytical system frequency constraints with SI provision from WTs are developed and incorporated into a stochastic system scheduling model, which enables the provision of SI from WTs to be dynamically optimized on a system level. Several case studies are carried out on a Great Britain 2030 power system with different penetration levels of wind generation and inclusion of frequency response requirements in order to assess the performance of the proposed model and analyze the influence of the improved SI control scheme on the potential secondary frequency dip. The results demonstrate that the inclusion of SI provision from WTs into UC can drastically impact the overall system costs.Index Terms-synthetic inertia, frequency response, unit commitment, recovery effect, secondary frequency dip

Provision of Synthetic Inertia Support for Converter-Dominated Weak Grids

“…This characteristic slows down grid frequency dynamics [2], [3]. In contrast, converter−based generators fundamentally have no rotational inertia of SGs; thus, making power grid more sensitive to frequency perturbation and jeopardizes system stability [4], [5].…”

Modeling Frequency Dynamics in Unit Commitment With a High Share of Renewable Energy

“…Teng et al evaluated the benefits of frequency support from wind farms in a generation scheduling problem [25]. Chu et al proposed a stochastic system scheduling model to optimize the synthetic inertia provision from wind turbines [26].…”

“…Equations (23) and (24) are the ramp limits. Equations (25) and (26) limit the minimum online and offline time. 4) Renewable energy operational constraints (27) 28Equations (27) and (28) limit the output power of the VRE plants to not larger than the forecasted production.…”

Analytical system frequency response model with virtual synchronous wind turbines

“…In order to satisfy the frequency requirements, there has been some literature focusing on incorporating the system frequency constraints in the modern power system operation and planning studies [20][21][22]27]. On the other hand, the size and type of WTs installed in the real-world large-scale power systems varied FIGURE 1 The control scheme of the virtual synchronous controlled VSWT significantly [30].…”