“…However, human-centric organizational changes and organizational aspects, such as workforce training, communication, information-sharing, and intra-enterprise collaboration, have been investigated and considered critical success factors for a digital transformation (Moeuf et al ., 2019). Communication between management and their employees has been shown to mitigate change resistance during the introduction of digital technologies (Bierwolf, 2017; Charalambous et al ., 2015), while workforce training on new technologies through team training has been studied and positioned as a facilitating factor (Fraser et al ., 2007; Zangiacomi et al ., 2020), and the change in job roles and skills has been studied to create new Industry 4.0 competence models (Prifti et al ., 2017; Erol et al ., 2016; Gehrke et al ., 2015).…”