2022
DOI: 10.1107/s1600576722005891
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Towards real-time analysis of liquid jet alignment in serial femtosecond crystallography

Abstract: Liquid sample delivery systems are used extensively for serial femtosecond crystallography at X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs). However, misalignment of the liquid jet and the XFEL beam leads to the X-rays either partially or completely missing the sample, resulting in sample wastage and a loss of experiment time. Implemented here is an algorithm to analyse optical images using machine vision to determine whether there is overlap of the X-ray beam and liquid jet. The long-term goal is to use the output from … Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…Applications of our simplified representation of the XFEL source could prove highly beneficial as a photon diagnostic for the accelerator by providing a simple relationship between the stability of the observed intensities and the wavefront phase. This 'top down' approach may provide a route to optimizing operational parameters and could take advantage of machinelearning techniques in some cases to extract key factors of operation that determine FEL performance (Patel et al, 2022). Following observations at the European XFEL and the Free-Electron Laser in Hamburg (FLASH) (Hellert & Schmidt, 2018), emphasis should be placed on the impact of electron-bunch orbit on the stability of the radiation properties.…”
Section: Discussion and Outlookmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Applications of our simplified representation of the XFEL source could prove highly beneficial as a photon diagnostic for the accelerator by providing a simple relationship between the stability of the observed intensities and the wavefront phase. This 'top down' approach may provide a route to optimizing operational parameters and could take advantage of machinelearning techniques in some cases to extract key factors of operation that determine FEL performance (Patel et al, 2022). Following observations at the European XFEL and the Free-Electron Laser in Hamburg (FLASH) (Hellert & Schmidt, 2018), emphasis should be placed on the impact of electron-bunch orbit on the stability of the radiation properties.…”
Section: Discussion and Outlookmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Our image-based approach to the measurement of jet parameters is similar to the method described by Patel et al (2022) whereby jets were automatically brought to a fixed position. This image-based method contrasts with the method developed by Nazari et al (2020) , where the jet parameters are calculated from Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV) of droplets.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A number of sample delivery systems which can be categorized as liquid jet technology and fixed-target technology as well as hybrid methods have been developed (Echelmeier et al, 2019;Zhao et al, 2019;Cheng, 2020;Gru ¨nbein & Kovacs, 2019;Echelmeier et al, 2020;Ren et al, 2020;Monteiro et al, 2020;Li et al, 2018). In addition, various novel sample delivery systems, including upgrades to existing sample delivery systems, are constantly emerging for better SX practice (Gilbile et al, 2021;Martiel et al, 2021;Doppler et al, 2022;Lee et al, 2022;Patel et al, 2022;Vakili et al, 2022;Hammarstro ¨m et al, 2022). These devices can be applied to different light sources, including X-ray free-electron laser (XFELs) and synchrotron radiation (SR) sources, or both, depending on their delivery speed.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%