“…Nonetheless, based solely upon the functional similarity of hyperlinks and citations, both of which provide links between two documents, there has been a general tendency to assume that hyperlinks in scholarly environments are equivalent to citations (Cameron, 1997; Harnad, 1992; Jögensen & Jögensen, 1991; Small, 1995). For example, Hitchcock et al (1998, p. 21) state that “as far as online journals are concerned, the first application of links on a large scale extends a convention that is fundamental to the modern academic journal: the use of citations.” Under this assumption, moreover, a number of studies have already attempted to apply the techniques of analysis developed for citations to the analysis of hyperlinks on Web pages to evaluate Web pages or to map scholarly networks (Almind & Ingwersen, 1997; Kuster, 1996; Larson, 1996). In the absence of any knowledge about the nature, norms, and values of hyperlinks in scholarly electronic environments, how can we make sense of data derived from the application of citation analysis techniques to the analysis of hyperlinks?…”