Toxic Alcohols: Aliphatic Unsaturated Alcohols

Heterogeneous catalysts play an important role in accelerating chemical reactions in order to save energy and cost during the reaction process. Platinum (Pt) has received a great deal of attention for its application in many catalytic processes, but very few studies have evaluated it in the hydrogenation process of acetone. In this study, Pt particles were successfully grown on an indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrate by means of a facile, one-step, and template-free electrodeposition method using a solution containing 2.0 mM H2PtCl6 and 0.5 M H2SO4 at room temperature. Potentiostatic and galvanostatic methods were employed to conduct the electrodeposition process under different potentials, current densities, and deposition times to observe their influence on the morphology of the electrodeposited Pt particles. It was found that the morphology of the particles could be facilely manipulated by adjusting the deposition current and potential by using the galvanostatic and potentiostatic methods, respectively. The potentiostatic method produced a spherical or bayberry-like shape whereas the galvanostatic method produced a flower-like shape. The sharp tips on the surface of the bayberry-like shape are electron-rich sites that can break the C = O bond in acetone, thereby forming C-OH bonds that can generate isopropanol molecules.

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Electrodeposition of Platinum (Pt) Particles as a Catalyst of Hydrogenation of Acetone

Rahayu

Budi

Fauzia

2019

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Temperature dependence of emission product distribution from vaping of vitamin E acetate

et al. 2022

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Nearly two years after vitamin E acetate (VEA) was identified as the potential cause of the 2019–2020 outbreak of e-cigarette, or vaping product-associated lung injuries (EVALI), the toxicity mechanisms of VEA vaping are still yet to be fully understood. Studies since the outbreak have found that e-liquids such as VEA undergo thermal degradation during the vaping process to produce various degradation products, which may pose a greater risk of toxicity than exposure to unvaped VEA. Additionally, a wide range of customizable parameters–including the model of e-cigarette used, puffing topography, or the applied power/temperature used to generate aerosols–have been found to influence the physical properties and chemical compositions of vaping emissions. However, the impact of heating coil temperature on the chemical composition of VEA vaping emissions has not been fully assessed. In this study, we investigated the emission product distribution of VEA vaping emissions produced at temperatures ranging from 176 to 356°C, corresponding to a variable voltage vape pen set at 3.3 to 4.8V. VEA degradation was found to be greatly enhanced with increasing temperature, resulting in a shift towards the production of lower molecular weight compounds, such as the redox active duroquinone (DQ) and short-chain alkenes. Low temperature vaping of VEA resulted in the production of long-chain molecules, such as phytol, exposure to which has been suggested to induce lung damage in previous studies. Furthermore, differential product distribution was observed in VEA degradation products generated from vaping and from pyrolysis using a tube furnace in the absence of the heating coil at equivalent temperatures, suggesting the presence of external factors such as metals or oxidation that may enhance VEA degradation during vaping. Overall, our findings indicate that vaping behavior may significantly impact the risk of exposure to toxic vaping products and potential for vaping-related health concerns.

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Toxic Alcohols: Aliphatic Unsaturated Alcohols

Cited by 2 publications

References 69 publications

Electrodeposition of Platinum (Pt) Particles as a Catalyst of Hydrogenation of Acetone

Electrodeposition of Platinum (Pt) Particles as a Catalyst of Hydrogenation of Acetone

Temperature dependence of emission product distribution from vaping of vitamin E acetate

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