Toxic and biochemical effects of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (CB-77) and clophen A50 on eider duckling (Somateria mollissima) in a semi-field experiment

Murk, Albertinka J.; Berg, J.H.J. van den; Fellinger, M.; Rozemeijer, M.J.C.; Swennen, C.; Duiven, P.; Boon, Jan P.; Brouwer, Abraham; Koeman, J.H.

doi:10.1016/0269-7491(94)90005-1

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The number of hatchlings and fledglings in the high-contaminated breeding colony was significantly reduced compared to that in the low-polluted colony. In addition, 28-day-old eider ducks exposed to 3,3',4,4'-tetraCB (PCB-77) under semifield conditions showed a significant negative correlation between plasma thyroid hormone levels T3 and T4 and liver 3,3',4,4'-tetraCB concentrations (62) Extensive reports have been published on thyroid gland lesions observed in Great Lakes fish species, where a possible linkage with polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbon (PHAH) exposure has been suggested (63). However, other factors such as iodine deficiency or non-PHAH-like waterborne goitrogens may have been involved.…”

Section: Thyroid Hormone System Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Potential Endocrine-Related Health Effects at Low-Dose Levels of Exposure to PCBs

Brouwer¹,

Longnecker²,

Birnbaum³

et al. 1999

Environmental Health Perspectives

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This article addresses issues related to the characterization of endocrine-related health effects resulting from low-level exposures to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). It is not intended to be a comprehensive review of the literature but reflects workshop discussions. "The Characterizing the Effects of Endocrine Disruptors on Human Health at Environmental Exposure Levels," workshop provided a forum to discuss the methods and data needed to improve risk assessments of endocrine disruptors. This article contains an overview of endocrine-related (estrogen and thyroid system) interactions and other low-dose effects of PCBs. The data set on endocrine effects includes results obtained from mechanistic methods/ and models (receptor based, metabolism based, and transport protein based), as well as from in vivo models, including studies with experimental animals and wildlife species. Other low-dose effects induced by PCBs, such as neurodevelopmental and reproductive effects and endocrine-sensitive tumors, have been evaluated with respect to a possible causative linkage with PCB-induced alterations in endocrine systems. In addition, studies of low-dose exposure and effects in human populations are presented and critically evaluated. A list of conclusions and recommendations is included.

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Section: Thyroid Hormone System Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Potential Endocrine-Related Health Effects at Low-Dose Levels of Exposure to PCBs

Brouwer¹,

Longnecker²,

Birnbaum³

et al. 1999

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…Studies investigating the mechanisms of action underlying the effects of PCBs on endocrine tissues revealed that PCBs can interfere with steroido genesis and steroid receptors (McKinney and Waller, 1994) and with the mixed-function oxygenase systems involved in steroid metabolism (Goksoyr and Forlin, 1992), and are able to bind to the Ah receptor (Nebert, 1989). PCBs may interfere with corticosteroidogenesis and corticosteroid action in a similar manner as de scribed for gonadosteroidogenesis (Barron et al, 1995) and thyroid hormone synthesis (McKinney and Waller, 1994;Murk et al, 1994). Little information is available, however, on PCB effects on adrenal function, in particu lar during stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Interrenal Stress Responsiveness of Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Is Impaired by Dietary Exposure to PCB 126

Quabius

Balm

Bonga

1997

General and Comparative Endocrinology

101

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Activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis is characteristic of stress responses, which may result from a variety of environmental challenges. To investigate whether the stress response, and in particular the HPI axis, in tilapia (Orcochromis mossambicus) is compromised by short-term exposure to PCB 126, fish of both sexes were fed diets containing PCB 126 (50 M-g/kg fish • day) for 5 days. In the first approach, which was performed twice, fish were acutely stressed for periods varying between 1 and 30 min at the end of the exposure period; in the second approach fish were sampled at the end of the exposure period either at rest or after 2 h of stress (confinement). After 5 days, the body weights in all experiments were significantly lower in PCB-fed fish than in control fish. There were no changes in basal plasma glucose levels, plasma ion concentrations, or branchial, renal, and intestinal Na,K-ATPase activity following PCB exposure. In the first experimental ap proach, in which fish experienced acute sampling stress, plasma cortisol levels reached lower levels in PCB-fed fish than in controls. This suggests an impaired ability to acutely activate interrenal steroidogenesis in PCBtreated tilapia. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-and cAMP-stimulated in vitro cortisol release from superfused head kidneys was lower in tissues from tilapia exposed to PCB 126 than in tissues from control animals. This effect persisted after 24 h in vitro, which, together with the high PCB 126 concentrations measured in the head kidneys of PCB-fed fish, may indicate direct toxic effects on the interrenal cells. The second experimental approach demonstrated that basal plasma cortisol and ACTH levels were not influenced by PCB treatment, but that the basal ACTH content of the rostral pars distalis (RPD) of the pituitary gland of PCB-fed fish was lower than that of control fish. After 2 h confinement, plasma cortisol levels and ACTH content of the RPD rose to similar values in both groups, whereas plasma ACTH levels were higher in confined PCB-fed fish than in confined controls. PCB-fed fish showed a lower hypergly cemic response to confinement than control fish. Confine ment resulted in similarly elevated renal and intestinal Na,K-ATPase activities in both PCB-fed and control fish; branchial enzyme activities were not affected. Since PCB did not affect Na,K-ATPase activities and plasma ion concentrations, it is concluded that the effects of PCB 126 on the HPI axis in tilapia are not secondary to ionoregulatory dysfunction © 1997 A cadem ic P ress

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“…2). This results in the inhibition of T 4 binding to TTR and, in addition, in a disruption of the complex formed by TTR with the retinol binding protein, altering both plasma levels of TH and retinol in mammals [5,27,50,51,52]. The in vivo effect of the high binding affinity of xenobiotics, such as hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl (OH-CBs) metabolites, to TTR results in the retention of these compounds in the plasma, facilitating the transport of compounds over the placenta to the fetal compartment which leads to decreased maternal and fetal plasma T 4 levels [2].…”

Section: Systemic Distribution and Transport Of Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The in vivo effect of the high binding affinity of xenobiotics, such as hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl (OH-CBs) metabolites, to TTR results in the retention of these compounds in the plasma, facilitating the transport of compounds over the placenta to the fetal compartment which leads to decreased maternal and fetal plasma T 4 levels [2]. Experimental exposure of vertebrates to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) or OH-CBs resulted in decreased T 4 levels [5,8] and enrichment of both 4-OH-CB107 and 4-OH-CB187 in the fetus compared with the mother [8]. Importantly, OH-CBs have been found in humans and wildlife in high concentrations exceeding in vitro and in vivo effect concentrations [7,53,54,55].…”

Section: Systemic Distribution and Transport Of Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, other hormone systems such as the thyroid hormone (TH) system [1,2] but also stress hormones [3,4] are known to be affected by chemicals and their metabolites, and such effects have been shown to occur in wildlife [5,6,7], laboratory experimental animals [2,8] and humans [1]. TH disruption is defined herein as an alteration of any of the elements of TH homeostasis (fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Endocrine Disruptors on the Thyroid Hormone System

Gutleb

Cambier

Serchi³

2016

Horm Res Paediatr

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The thyroid hormone (TH) system plays a central role in central physiological processes of many species, including mammals and humans, ranging from growth and cell differentiation, energy metabolism, thermoregulation and phasing of hibernation or annual movements of migratory species, metamorphosis from larvae to adult forms, brain development, reproduction, or the cardiovascular system. Several chemicals are known to be TH-disrupting compounds (THDCs) and have been shown to interact with virtually all elements of TH homeostasis such as feedback mechanisms with the hypothalamus-pituitary axis, TH synthesis, TH storage and release from the thyroid gland, transport protein binding and TH distribution in tissues and organs, cellular TH uptake, intracellular TH metabolism, and TH receptor binding. Therefore, chemicals interfering with the TH homeostasis have the potential to interact with many of these important processes, and especially early-life stage exposure results in permanent alterations of tissue organization and homeostatic regulation of adaptive processes. This is not only of theoretical importance as the reported plasma concentrations of THDCs in human plasma fall well within the range of reported in vitro effect concentrations, and this is of even higher importance as the developing fetus and young children are in a sensitive developmental stage.

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Toxic and biochemical effects of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (CB-77) and clophen A50 on eider duckling (Somateria mollissima) in a semi-field experiment

Cited by 37 publications

References 40 publications

Characterization of Potential Endocrine-Related Health Effects at Low-Dose Levels of Exposure to PCBs

Characterization of Potential Endocrine-Related Health Effects at Low-Dose Levels of Exposure to PCBs

Interrenal Stress Responsiveness of Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Is Impaired by Dietary Exposure to PCB 126

Impact of Endocrine Disruptors on the Thyroid Hormone System

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