Toxic and Harmful Marine Diatoms

Bates, Stephen S.; Lundholm, Nina; Hubbard, Katherine A.; Montresor, Marina; Leaw, Chui Pin

doi:10.1002/9781119370741.ch17

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 205 publications

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“…(P. heimii, P. lineola, P. turgidula, P. prolongatoides, P. turgiduloides, P. subcurvata, and P. antarctica) occur in the Weddell Sea and contribute to the diatom diversity (Kang and Fryxell, 1993;Almandoz et al, 2008;Lelong et al, 2012). P. lineola and P. turgidula are cosmopolitan species, while P. prolongatoides, P. turgiduloides, and P. subcurvata are endemic to the SO (Hasle and Syvertsen, 1997;Bates et al, 2018). Of the species found within Antarctica, DA production has been verified for P. turgidula and P. lineola (Rhodes et al, 1996;Silver et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DA production in endemic Pseudo-nitzschia spp. of Antarctica, however, has barely been described (Kegel et al, 2013;Bates et al, 2018). P. subcurvata are reported to not produce DA (Fryxell et al, 1991), while the species P. prolongatoides and P. antarctica have not yet been tested for DA production (Lelong et al, 2012;Bates et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…of Antarctica, however, has barely been described (Kegel et al, 2013;Bates et al, 2018). P. subcurvata are reported to not produce DA (Fryxell et al, 1991), while the species P. prolongatoides and P. antarctica have not yet been tested for DA production (Lelong et al, 2012;Bates et al, 2018). Generally, the connection between DA, iron and Antarctic Pseudo-nitzschia species has been rarely studied (Bates et al, 2018), even though Pseudonitzschia are important contributors to local blooms under HNLC conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissolved Domoic Acid Does Not Improve Growth Rates and Iron Content in Iron-Stressed Pseudo-Nitzschia subcurvata

et al. 2020

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Many regions of Antarctica are classified as high nutrient low chlorophyll (HNLC) areas. In these, iron availability is limiting primary productivity and subsequent carbon export. Domoic acid (DA) has previously been detected in the Southern Ocean and suggested to act as a ligand that facilitates iron assimilation for Pseudo-nitzschia spp., species that contribute to Antarctic diatom blooms. An incubation experiment using the Antarctic species Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata was performed in Antarctic seawater at low and high iron concentrations. Dissolved DA was added to one set of each of the two treatments. This was done to verify whether DA positively affects the growth of the non-toxic species Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata and increases its cellular iron content, particularly under low iron conditions. We hypothesize that (i) DA is taken up under low iron conditions (ii) that more iron is taken up if DA is available and (iii) that the growth rate increases in the presence of DA. We showed that P. subcurvata did not take up any added DA, even under low iron conditions. Additionally and contrary to our hypothesis, the cells were not positively influenced by the addition of dissolved DA in terms of growth rate, cellular iron and carbon content. Hence, there was no significant difference in iron content between the different treatments. However, the cellular copper content increased under low iron conditions when DA was added. This study suggests that dissolved DA in naturally occurring concentrations does not increase bioavailability of iron to P. subcurvata and that only species producing DA might benefit from it.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissolved Domoic Acid Does Not Improve Growth Rates and Iron Content in Iron-Stressed Pseudo-Nitzschia subcurvata

et al. 2020

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“…Several species of the marine diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia are toxic due to their ability to produce the phycotoxin Domoic Acid (DA) (Bates et al, 1989;Bates et al, 2018;Caruana & Amzil, 2018). These diatoms bloom along coasts worldwide and the DA they produce may accumulate in shellfish, causing amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) in human consumers (Lelong et al, 2012;Grattan et al, 2016;Ajani et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2012, only 37 species of Pseudo-nitzschia were reported, of which 14 were toxigenic (Lelong et al 2012). Today, the genus Pseudo-nitzschia comprises 52 species (Bates et al, 2018;Guiry & Guiry, 2018) including 26 toxigenic species (Caruana & Amzil, 2018;Lundholm, 2019). This rise in the number of toxic species described is a result of increasing frequency and abundance of Pseudo-nitzschia blooms (Lundholm et al, 2010;Hinder et al, 2012;Hernández-Fariñas et al, 2014;Bazzoni et al, 2015) and technological advances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct evidence for toxin production byPseudo-nitzschia plurisecta(Bacillariophyceae) and extension of its distribution area

Caruana

Ayache

Raimbault

et al. 2019

European Journal of Phycology

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We confirm an amnesic shellfish poisoning risk associated with domoic acid production by the species Pseudo-nitzschia plurisecta and determine the toxin profile, which includes three domoic acid isomers. Although the species was reported once in European waters, along the Spanish Atlantic coast, here we describe and characterize P. plurisecta collected during the first occurrence in French Atlantic waters. Three strains (IFR-PPL-15.1, 15.2 and 15.3) were isolated from French coastal water samples in June 2015. These strains were identified and characterized by microscopic observation, molecular (ITS region sequencing and phylogenetic analysis) and metabolite (toxins and pigments) analyses. The cell shape is lanceolate and the valve contains a central interspace with uniseriate stria of oval-square poroids, each divided into 3-10 sectors. The ITS gene sequence is homologous to the original sequence available for the Spanish strain P. plurisecta. The pigment profile contains chl a, c3, c2, fucoxanthin, diatoxanthin, diadinoxanthin and traces of β,β-carotene. Results on morphology, phylogeny and pigments led to the identification of P. plurisecta and confirmed its first occurrence in French waters.

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2019

Diatoms: Fundamentals and Applications

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Toxic and Harmful Marine Diatoms

Cited by 17 publications

References 205 publications

Dissolved Domoic Acid Does Not Improve Growth Rates and Iron Content in Iron-Stressed Pseudo-Nitzschia subcurvata

Dissolved Domoic Acid Does Not Improve Growth Rates and Iron Content in Iron-Stressed Pseudo-Nitzschia subcurvata

Direct evidence for toxin production byPseudo-nitzschia plurisecta(Bacillariophyceae) and extension of its distribution area

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