Toxic and micronutrient elements in organic, brown and polished rice in Brazil

Poletti, Jucelaine; Pozebon, Dirce; Fraga, Marcus Vinicius Barcellos de; Dressler, Valderi L.; Moraes, Diogo Pompéu de

doi:10.1080/19393210.2013.845249

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The detected mean level of lead in rice samples was 23.5% of the upper limit of 0.2 µg/g permitted in food. The mean detected lead levels in this study were higher than the levels found in Chinese rice (0.028 ± 5.6 µg/g; Fu et al, 2012) but similar to the detected level in Brazilian rice with a mean level of 0.057 µg/g (Poletti et al, 2014). The observed high levels of toxic elements (As, Pb, Cd) in this study could be due to heavy soil pollution arising from indiscriminate waste disposal system, vehicular pollution and contamination with petroleum products (Huang et al, 2006).…”

Section: Levels and Dietary Intakes Of Toxic Elements In Rice Samplesmentioning

confidence: 40%

Chemical Safety of Unpolished Nigerian Rice

Awopetu

Adeyemi

Falope

et al. 2017

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

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Levels of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), potassium (K), sodium (Na), and zinc (Zn) in locally cultivated rice consumed in Ondo and Ekiti States of Nigeria were investigated. The rice samples were obtained from six different rice-producing towns; Akure, Ondo, Ado, Igbemo, Ikole and Erinjiyan. The estimated dietary intake (EDI) of these elements were determined and compared with the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) and dietary reference intake (DRI) values for toxic and essential elements respectively. The measured mean levels of Pb, As, Cr, Cd, Zn, Na, Ca and K were 0.047 ± 0.007, 0.041 ± 0.004, 0.570 ± 0.032, 0.026 ± 0.003, 7.856 ± 0.659, 42.15 ± 0.191, 337.11 ± 0.315, and 2650.09 ± 0.337 µg/g respectively while the average EDI were 00.101 ± 0.042 µg/day, 0.088 ± 0.14µg/day, 1.234 ± 0.045 µg/day, 0.057 ± 0.002 µg/day, 0.017 ± 0.071 mg/day, 0.091 ± 0.013 mg/day, 0.73 ± 0.018 mg/day and 5.742 ± 0.337 mg/day respectively. The EDIs were not significantly higher than the reference values for the elements except Cr. Also the rice samples were not rich enough in sodium, calcium and potassium compared to the dietary reference intakes for these elements. It is recommended that rice diets should be supplemented with other food items such as meat, fruits and vegetables.

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Section: Levels and Dietary Intakes Of Toxic Elements In Rice Samplesmentioning

confidence: 40%

Chemical Safety of Unpolished Nigerian Rice

Awopetu

Adeyemi

Falope

et al. 2017

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

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“…Market based surveys comparing conventional and organic grown brown rice have found higher total As and iAs in organic rice as compared to conventional rice ( Menon et al, 2020 ; Rahman et al, 2014 ; Segura et al, 2016 ). However, others have reported no difference ( Poletti et al, 2014 ). The multiple factors that impact As transformation and availability in the soil, differences in soil properties, cultural management practices, and choice of variety may explain these variable reports.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…incorporation of straw or animal manure) ( Hossain et al, 2021 ; Ma et al, 2014 ; Norton et al, 2013 ). Market survey results of As in rice are not consistent ( Poletti et al, 2014 ) and may reflect the diverse spectrum of organic production methods, environments, and post-harvest processing treatments. Additionally, post-harvest processing, including fermentation is a potential technique in reducing heavy metal exposure in food ( Massoud et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic speciation in rice bran: Agronomic practices, postharvest fermentation, and human health risk assessment across the lifespan

Weber

Baxter

McClung

et al. 2021

Environmental Pollution

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Arsenic (As) exposure is a global public health concern affecting millions worldwide and stems from drinking water and foods containing As. Here, we assessed how agronomic practices and postharvest fermentation techniques influence As concentrations in rice bran, and calculated health risks from consumption. A global suite of 53 rice brans were tested for total As and speciation. Targeted quantification of inorganic As (iAs) concentrations in rice bran were used to calculate Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Lifetime Cancer Risk (LCR) across the lifespan. Mean iAs was highest in Thailand rice bran samples (0.619 mg kg −1 ) and lowest in Guatemala (0.017 mg kg −1 ) rice bran samples. When comparing monosodium-methanearsonate (MSMA) treated and the Native-soil counterpart under the irrigation technique Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) management, the MSMA treatment had significantly higher total As ( p = 0.022), and iAs ( p = 0.016). No significant differences in As concentrations were found between conventional and organic production, nor between fermented and non-fermented rice bran. Health risk assessment calculations for the highest iAs-rice bran dosage scenario for adults, children and infants exceeded THQ and LCR thresholds, and LCR was above threshold for median iAs-rice bran. This environmental exposure investigation into rice bran provides novel information with food safety guidance for an emerging global ingredient.

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“…A great amount of arsenic is removed during the rice polishing [ 21 , 50 – 52 ]. Besides, variation in the arsenic concentration may occur due to different cultivars, geography, environment, water quality, and growth conditions [ 21 , 24 , 25 , 29 , 30 , 37 , 51 , 53 – 56 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Arsenic, Cadmium, and Lead Determination in Brazilian Rice Samples Using ICP-MS

Mataveli

Buzzo

Arauz

et al. 2016

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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This study is aimed at investigating a suitable method for rice sample preparation as well as validating and applying the method for monitoring the concentration of total arsenic, cadmium, and lead in rice by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Various rice sample preparation procedures were evaluated. The analytical method was validated by measuring several parameters including limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), linearity, relative bias, and repeatability. Regarding the sample preparation, recoveries of spiked samples were within the acceptable range from 89.3 to 98.2% for muffle furnace, 94.2 to 103.3% for heating block, 81.0 to 115.0% for hot plate, and 92.8 to 108.2% for microwave. Validation parameters showed that the method fits for its purpose, being the total arsenic, cadmium, and lead within the Brazilian Legislation limits. The method was applied for analyzing 37 rice samples (including polished, brown, and parboiled), consumed by the Brazilian population. The total arsenic, cadmium, and lead contents were lower than the established legislative values, except for total arsenic in one brown rice sample. This study indicated the need to establish monitoring programs for emphasizing the study on this type of cereal, aiming at promoting the Public Health.

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Toxic and micronutrient elements in organic, brown and polished rice in Brazil

Cited by 22 publications

References 25 publications

Chemical Safety of Unpolished Nigerian Rice

Chemical Safety of Unpolished Nigerian Rice

Arsenic speciation in rice bran: Agronomic practices, postharvest fermentation, and human health risk assessment across the lifespan

Total Arsenic, Cadmium, and Lead Determination in Brazilian Rice Samples Using ICP-MS

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