Toxic combustion by-products from the incineration of chlorinated hydrocarbons and plastics

Dioxinlike Properties of a Trichloroethylene Combustion-Generated Aerosol

“…They included benzenes, styrenes, Results of this study confirm and extend previous work showing the presence of dioxinlike compounds (14) in this complex soot mixture and demonstrate that the WE and fractions 3 and 1 (products of mixed polarity and no polarity, respectively) caused toxicity and exhibited biological activity. The major developmental toxicity endpoint of this study was edema of pericardial cavity with extension to peritoneal cavity and yolk sac.…”

“…CH2CI2 extracts of the soot had a dark blue color, which may be attributed to the presence of significant amounts of chlorinated fulvalenes (C1oHxCl8-x, depending on number of H and Cl substitutions, or ClCl8 = octachlorofulvalene), structural isomers of naphthalenes (14). CloHxCl8_x compounds represented -30% of the total ion chromatogram (Table 1).…”

“…For example, the McClellan Air Force Base in Sacramento (California) contains soil that is heavily contaminated by TCE; it was used as a cleaning agent on aircraft. Earlier experiments by Blankenship et al (14) found that extracts from soot aerosols formed during the combustion of TCE exhibited a dioxinlike response when subjected to a keratinocyte bioassay. These experiments showed that all of the hazardous material was associated with the aerosol and that little was found in the gas phase of the flames.…”

Investigation of soils affected by burnt hospital wastes in Nigeria using PIXE

“…The values obtained in this study which are above the maximum allowable contents of metals for agricultural purposes as proposed by Blankenship et al the dominant trend is as follows: Si > Fe > Ca > K > Ti > Zr > Cl > Cr > V > Pb > Mn. The values obtained in this study which are above the maximum allowable contents of metals for agricultural purposes as proposed by Blankenship et al 1994in these soils are indicative of anthropogenic action of the burnt hospital waste dump on the soil total elemental composition. For example, the mean content of Zn obtained by other investigators with soil of anthropogenic sources in different countries ranged from 17 to 125 ppm (Blankenship et al 1994; Kramlich et al 1989) which is in agreement with the findings in this study.…”

“…The values obtained in this study which are above the maximum allowable contents of metals for agricultural purposes as proposed by Blankenship et al 1994in these soils are indicative of anthropogenic action of the burnt hospital waste dump on the soil total elemental composition. For example, the mean content of Zn obtained by other investigators with soil of anthropogenic sources in different countries ranged from 17 to 125 ppm (Blankenship et al 1994; Kramlich et al 1989) which is in agreement with the findings in this study. The lead concentration in the top horizon of soil contaminated with anthropogenic activities in other places with similar pedon ranged is about 100 to 189 ppm (EPA 1985; EPA 1987a) this is in conformity with the results obtained in this investigation.…”