Toxic effects of acute exposure to polystyrene microplastics and nanoplastics on the model insect, silkworm Bombyx mori

Muhammad, Aliyu Idris; Zhou, Xiaoxia; He, Jintao; Zhang, Nan; Shen, Xiaoqiang; Sun, Chao; Yan, Bing; Shao, Yongqi

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117255

Cited by 69 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[ 26 , 77 , 78 ], downregulation of LYZ gene expression can increase shrimp vulnerability to this pathogen that causes early mortality syndrome [ 79 ]. Current literature presents evidence of both reduction and increase in Lysozyme activity and gene expression when an organism is exposed to plastic micro/nano-particles [ 30 , 80 , 81 , 82 ], suggesting that variability or contradiction in reported responses can be attributed to differences in study methods including animal species, type/size of plastic particles, and other confounding factors in non-standardized studies. Therefore, the exact mechanisms and causes of the upregulation or downregulation of LYZ gene expression in shrimp exposed to HDPE-MP currently remain unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastic-Contaminated Feed Interferes with Antioxidant Enzyme and Lysozyme Gene Expression of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Leading to Hepatopancreas Damage and Increased Mortality

Niemcharoen

Haetrakul

Palić

et al. 2022

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microplastic pollution can interfere with aquatic animal health and nonspecific immunity, increasing the potential for pathogen infection in crustaceans. However, the long-term effects of microplastics on crustacean immunity are less understood, especially regarding their toxicity in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Effects of high-density polyethylene microplastics (HDPE-MPs) in feed on the mortality rate, hepatopancreas, and nonspecific immune system gene expression of Pacific white shrimp are presented. The LC50 at day 28 of HDPE-MP exposure was determined as 3.074% HDPE-MP in feed. A significant upregulation of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) genes was observed in shrimp that were fed with 0.1 and 0.5% of HDPE-MP; then, they were downregulated significantly, except for the SOD gene expression of shrimp fed with 0.1% of HDPE-MP. The lysozyme (LYZ) gene was upregulated significantly in shrimp that were fed with 0.5, 1, and 3% HDPE-MP for 7 days and downregulated significantly in HDPE-receiving groups for at least 14 days. Significant histopathological changes in the hepatopancreas were observed in the treatment groups. The histopathological score of each lesion was correlated with the increase in HDPE-MP concentration. This study shows that the ingestion of HDPE microplastics can alter the expression of nonspecific immune system genes and damage the hepatopancreas in Pacific white shrimp.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastic-Contaminated Feed Interferes with Antioxidant Enzyme and Lysozyme Gene Expression of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Leading to Hepatopancreas Damage and Increased Mortality

Niemcharoen

Haetrakul

Palić

et al. 2022

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, several polyethylene (PE)-degrading bacteria and fungi have been reported, such as Aspergillus, Acremonium, Fusarium, E. asburiae, and Bacillus [146]. PE is one of the polymer materials that are remarkably resistant to degradation [147]. A fungal strain, Aspergillus flavus, was isolated as a potential microplastic particle-degrading microorganism from the gut contents of wax moth G. mellonella larvae by producing extracellular enzymes [148].…”

Section: Potential Mechanism Of Detoxificationby Lepidopteran Gut Bac...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Functional Roles of the Gut Microbiota in Lepidopteran Insects

Zhang

2022

Microorganisms

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lepidopteran insects are one of the most widespread and speciose lineages on Earth, with many common pests and beneficial insect species. The evolutionary success of their diversification depends on the essential functions of gut microorganisms. This diverse gut microbiota of lepidopteran insects provides benefits in nutrition and reproductive regulation and plays an important role in the defence against pathogens, enhancing host immune homeostasis. In addition, gut symbionts have shown promising applications in the development of novel tools for biological control, biodegradation of waste, and blocking the transmission of insect-borne diseases. Even though most microbial symbionts are unculturable, the rapidly expanding catalogue of microbial genomes and the application of modern genetic techniques offer a viable alternative for studying these microbes. Here, we discuss the gut structure and microbial diversity of lepidopteran insects, as well as advances in the understanding of symbiotic relationships and interactions between hosts and symbionts. Furthermore, we provide an overview of the function of the gut microbiota, including in host nutrition and metabolism, immune defence, and potential mechanisms of detoxification. Due to the relevance of lepidopteran pests in agricultural production, it can be expected that the research on the interactions between lepidopteran insects and their gut microbiota will be used for biological pest control and protection of beneficial insects in the future.

show abstract

“…It is also possible that toxic compounds present in field diets may deplete the gut microbial community, leading to the overgrowth of host pathogens and thereby enhancing host immunity [ 83 ]. Toxic compounds have also been shown to alter immune gene expression and antioxidant-mediated defense responses in insects [ 84 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Diet on the Midgut Microbial Composition and Host Immunity of the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Mandal

et al. 2022

Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, J.E. Smith) is one of the most important agricultural pests in the world and causes serious damage to many significant crops. Insect gut microbiota plays a vital role in host immunity, digestion, and development, helping the higher organism colonize in a new environment. However, the effects of different diets on midgut microbial composition and host immunity in S. frugiperda remain unclear. So far, no reports have compared the gut microbiota of fall armyworm reared using an artificial diet compared to corn leaf in Guangzhou, China. High-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing technology was applied to gain insight into the composition of the gut microbiota of S. frugiperda feeding on corn leaf (field diet) and on a starch-rich artificial diet (lab diet). The fall armyworm gut microbiota was dominated by the bacterial phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Despite the difference in diet, the core bacterial community was represented by the genus Enterococcus. However, the bacterial community is dominated by a few phylotypes, namely operational taxonomical units 1 (OTU1) (Enterococcus casseliflavus), OTU3 (Enterobacteriaceae), OTU2 (Weissella), and OTU4 (Clostridium), accounting for 97.43% of the total OTUs in the complete dataset. A significant difference was identified in the bacterial communities between the “lab diet” and the “field diet” groups. OTU1 and OTU2 were significantly higher in the “field diet” group, whereas OTU3 and OTU4 were higher in the “lab diet” group. A phylogenetic investigation of the communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) predicted functional analysis indicates the presence of several genes associated with plant biomass degradation. Importantly, antibiotic-mediated perturbation of the midgut microbial community significantly impacts the expression profile of the important immune genes of the host. Furthermore, the oral reintroduction of gut bacterial isolates (E. mundtii and E. gallinarum) significantly enhances host resistance to AcMNPV infection. Taken together, our results indicate that diet composition is an important driver in shaping insect gut microbiome and immune gene expression, ultimately playing an important role in the pest defense system.

show abstract

Toxic effects of acute exposure to polystyrene microplastics and nanoplastics on the model insect, silkworm Bombyx mori

Cited by 69 publications

References 57 publications

Microplastic-Contaminated Feed Interferes with Antioxidant Enzyme and Lysozyme Gene Expression of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Leading to Hepatopancreas Damage and Increased Mortality

Microplastic-Contaminated Feed Interferes with Antioxidant Enzyme and Lysozyme Gene Expression of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Leading to Hepatopancreas Damage and Increased Mortality

Diversity and Functional Roles of the Gut Microbiota in Lepidopteran Insects

Effect of Diet on the Midgut Microbial Composition and Host Immunity of the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About