Toxic effects of neem cake extracts on Aedes albopictus (Skuse) larvae

Nicoletti, Marcello; Serafini, Mauro; Aliboni, Andrea; D’Andrea, Armando; Mariani, Susanna

doi:10.1007/s00436-010-1838-6

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Fig 4 shows the typical HPLC chromatogram of the methanol extract of neem cake, performed in gradient of water/CH 3 CN 30-60% using a LC-18 column. The analysis, performed to evidence the nortriterpene presence, showed the following results: AzA (2750 ± 100 ppm), AzB (1000 ± 15 ppm), salannin (7980 ± 50 ppm), nimbin (1850 ± 100 ppm) (Nicoletti, 2010). Therefore, also after the industrial treatment of extraction, neem cake still contains relevant quantities of nortriterpenes.…”

Section: Second Stepmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Neem Tree (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) as Source of Bioinsectides

Nicoletti

Maccioni²,

Coccioletti³

et al. 2012

Insecticides - Advances in Integrated Pest Management

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Micro vs. macro competing for lifeMicroorganims are difficult to find and to kill, because they are in enormous number and everywhere. For instance, in our body we can count more procariotic than eucariotic cells. Fortunately, most of them are useful friends, but others can be very dangerous and destructives. Actually, microorganisms are liable of major plagues affecting humans. These invisible our competitors act infections by complicated mechanisms, often involving other creatures. Mosquitos are the favorite partners as major vector of transmission. Therefore, mosquitos are co-responsible of malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, filariasis, schistosomiasis, Japanese encephalitis, Chagas morbus, hemorrhagic fever, arbovirosis, as well as of several minor pathologies, such as systemic allergic and inflammatory reactions and dolorous bites. Although in developed countries the impact of these pathologies is nowadays restricted or absent, and main causes of death are related to physiological aspects (cancer, hearth and www.intechopen.com Insecticides -Advances in Integrated Pest Management 412 coronary failures, ecc.), in the remaining predominant part of the world, the alert is always the same and means infection by injure or by bite. Practically all mankind living in ordinary conditions is continuously exposed to one or more mosquito-borne or connected diseases and suffer in different degrees the effects of the mosquitos attack. Only dengue worldwide threatens the health of around 2.5 billion people, and figures for malaria are surely worst. Malaria infects more than 500 million humans each year. About 90% of cases occur in Africa, including those of malaria-related deaths, but only in India 15 million cases and 20,000 deaths are estimated annually by WHO. However, as all living beings, also microorganisms have their own Achilles heel. Their movement capacity is very limited, therefore they use animals as vectors for efficiently diffusing in every habitats. Usually, they change to adapt to the host, accumulating therein and becoming vulnerable. Therefore, the option seems to be simple: kill the vector and kill the microorganism. Fighting the vectorSeveral strategies have been proposed against microorganism/mosquito based diseases in order to control or at least limit mosquitos invasion, mainly based on three types of action: direct, environmental, indirect. Direct methods use as target the adults, whereas indirect methods are mainly focused on effects on mosquito development, including controls of larvae by hormones or other growth regulators. Environmental methods are based on change in the habitat of the insect and display severe collateral effects on other organisms. So far, mainly synthetic insecticides have been produced and used, in large quantities and types. Initial euphoria for the resolving effects has been punctually followed by negative drawback. Chemical pesticides resulted non-selective, that means harmful and toxic to other organisms including humans, plus the cause of a series of unexpected and dur...

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Section: Second Stepmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Neem cake is therefore a product of low cost and widely available on the world market. In particular, starting from the neem cake has been isolated a phytoextract that has a remarkably high insecticidal activity against larvae of Aedes albopictus, commonly known as tiger mosquitoes (Nicoletti 2010). …”

Section: Using Neem Cakementioning

confidence: 99%

Neem Tree (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) as Source of Bioinsectides

Nicoletti

Maccioni²,

Coccioletti³

et al. 2012

Insecticides - Advances in Integrated Pest Management

Self Cite

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“…Neem cake is the raw material derived by cold pressing neem kernels from handpicked and cleaned neem fruits and seeds. Neem cake is commercially important for its use as fertilize material, as well as potential insecticide (Nicoletti et al, 2010b). By the HPTLC neem cakes resulted different depending by the extraction process used, the different origins and the method of commercialization (Neem America Incorporated, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HPTLC fingerprint: a modern approach for the analytical determination of botanicals

Nicoletti

2011

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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Availability of rapid and reliable methods for detection of quality in plant raw materials and botanicals is urgently needed. The recent HPTLC instrumentation allows to obtain fingerprints useful to ascertain identity and composition. The results of direct application of HPTLC devices in selected cases, using the fingerprint approach, are here reported, considered and compared with other methods. HPTLC is proposed as an useful tool for analytical validation of the novel forms of natural products.

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“…NO shows strong antimicrobial activity against diferent microbial populations from food (spoilage microorganism and food-borne pathogens) and wound-contaminating bacteria [42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. The low cost and the available quantity of NC make it a potentially important raw material for developing new eco-friendly insecticidal products [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61].…”

Section: The Neem Opportunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent and Smart Packaging

Nicoletti¹,

Serrone²

2017

Future Foods

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Urgent need of increased food production and availability are crucial in humankind future. A key aspect concerns the food preservation, wherein packaging is a main aspect. Packaging is still in a primitive form, utilized as a way to separate food from environmental conditions, not considering the inside situation. Improvement of packaging means less cost, more food available, and waste decrease. Several solutions are emerging to face this challenge. They are focused on three aspects: the antimicrobial agent; the packaging material; and the technological implication in the inal production of packaging. Biotechnology is expected to play a central role in the future food to solve central points, as retain integrity and actively prevent food spoilage. In this phase, several projects are moving, still waiting to converge in adequate products. The galaxy of smart packaging is rapidly moving and increasing in researches. This phase represents a chaotic period of several proposals production and tentative in solving the food preservative problems, using new technologies and advanced techniques, like nanotechnology. Waiting the collapse into a central paradigm, it is interesting and useful to follow the scenario of researches on smart packaging based on natural products here reported.

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Toxic effects of neem cake extracts on Aedes albopictus (Skuse) larvae

Cited by 30 publications

References 28 publications

Neem Tree (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) as Source of Bioinsectides

Neem Tree (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) as Source of Bioinsectides

HPTLC fingerprint: a modern approach for the analytical determination of botanicals

Intelligent and Smart Packaging

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