Toxic effects of salicylate on the fœtus and mother

Jackson, AM

doi:10.1002/path.1700600407

Cited by 50 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…There have been several prior reports of in utero salicylate toxicity, with three involving acute ingestion [ 1 – 3 ], two of which resulted in intrauterine fetal demise [ 2 , 3 ]. The remaining cases involve chronic daily usage in the last trimester of pregnancy, and in two of such cases [ 4 , 5 ], fetal or neonatal death was the result, one in utero [ 4 ] and one at day of life nine [ 5 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 19-year-old at 37 weeks gestation with an acute acetylsalicylic acid overdose

Farid

Wojcik

Christopher

2011

Clinical Kidney Journal

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Acute salicylate overdose in pregnancy is potentially fatal for both the mother and fetus and presents a unique challenge in intensive care management. While suggested thresholds exist for hemodialysis in adults with toxic salicylate ingestion, it is unclear if these thresholds remain appropriate for the gravid patient, particularly given that medications such as acetylsalicylic acid may cross the placental barrier and accumulate in the fetal bloodstream. We describe a case of a gravid patient at ∼37 weeks gestational age with a self-reported acetylsalicylic acid ingestion of 32.5 g and review prior cases of both acute and chronic salicylate ingestion in pregnancy in order to determine the clinical precedent for hemodialysis in this situation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 19-year-old at 37 weeks gestation with an acute acetylsalicylic acid overdose

Farid

Wojcik

Christopher

2011

Clinical Kidney Journal

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“…Experimentally, Mosher (53) has found that sodium salicylate can cause small hemorrhages in the scala tympani of the fetal guinea pig when injected into the mother. Jackson (54), in cursory in vestigations on pregnant rats and rabbits, each given a single large subcu taneous injection of sodium salicylate in the last week of pregnancy, showed no obvious toxicity for the fetus disproportionate to that for the mother (whenever the mother survived, so did the fetuses). These experiments of Jackson's are not extensive enough to support his conclusion that salicylates are not more toxic for the fetus than for the mother.…”

Section: Fet Al Pharmacologymentioning

confidence: 96%

Some Aspects of Perinatal Pharmacology

Yaffe¹

1966

Annu. Rev. Med.

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The perinatal period extends from the completion of embryonic dif ferentiation into recognizable anatomic organ structures to the end of the first month of postnatal extrauterine existence. As such it encompasses the most rapid rate of growth and development with accompanying biochemical and physiological changes noted during the total lifespan of the mammalian organism (1).The effects of pharmacologically active agents when administered during this critical period have attracted considerable notoriety in scientific, governmental , industrial, and public circl es because of a number of recent therapeutic misadventures associated with their use. The vulnerability of the developing fetus and newborn infant to chemical agents prescribed on the basis of investigations conducted in adult subjects has been repeatedly demonstrated. The response elicited on the part of the perinatal subject has often been qualitatively and quantitatively dissimilar to that seen in the more mature subject. It is the purpose of this paper to discuss selected aspects of perinatal pharmacology which contribute to our understanding of drug action during this critical period of development. This represents but one aspect of the recently recognized discipline of developmental pharmacology which, in its broadest sense, includes the influence of aging (and the maturational status of the organism) on pharmacologic responses as well as the converse effects of drugs upon maturation and development. Done (2) has recently published a comprehensive review emphasizing these principles as they relate to the neonatal period. THE ROLE OF THE PLACENTAIt is logical to subdivide perinatal pharmacology into prenatal (fetal) and postnatal events. Apart from the recent experimental introduction of blood transfusions directly into the peritoneal cavity of the fetus (3a, 3b), all chemical agents which effect the fetus must traverse the placenta or fetal membranes after maternal administration.The fact that substances may reach the fetus by routes other than the placenta has been shown in many species. In the guinea pig and rabbit, Brambell (4) has demonstrated that antibodies may be transferred

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“…A gravid rabbit was given a single SC dose of 1 g/kg and another rabbit was given a dose of 1.5 g/kg Sodium Salicylate, both on day 30 of gestation, and blood was taken and the uterus removed from both animals 2 h after dosing (Jackson 1948). In the animal dosed with 1 g/kg, the maternal serum salicylate concentration was 0.58 mg/ml and the pooled fetal serum concentration was 0.37 mg/ml.…”

Section: Sodium Salicylate-animal Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Assessment of Salicylic Acid, Butyloctyl Salicylate, Calcium Salicylate, C12–15 Alkyl Salicylate, Capryloyl Salicylic Acid, Hexyldodecyl Salicylate, Isocetyl Salicylate, Isodecyl Salicylate, Magnesium Salicylate, MEA-Salicylate, Ethylhexyl Salicylate, Potassium Salicylate, Methyl Salicylate, Myristyl Salicylate, Sodium Salicylate, TEA-Salicylate, and Tridecyl Salicylate

2003

Int J Toxicol

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Salicylic Acid is an aromatic acid used in cosmetic formulations as a denaturant, hair-conditioning agent, and skin-conditioning agent--miscellaneous in a wide range of cosmetic products at concentrations ranging from 0.0008% to 3%. The Calcium, Magnesium, and MEA salts are preservatives, and Potassium Salicylate is a cosmetic biocide and preservative, not currently in use. Sodium Salicylate is used as a denaturant and preservative (0.09% to 2%). The TEA salt of Salicylic Acid is used as an ultraviolet (UV) light absorber (0.0001% to 0.75%). Several Salicylic Acid esters are used as skin conditioning agents--miscellaneous (Capryloyl, 0.1% to 1%; C12-15 Alkyl, no current use; Isocetyl, 3% to 5%; Isodecyl, no current use; and Tridecyl, no current use). Butyloctyl Salicylate (0.5% to 5%) and Hexyldodecyl Salicylate (no current use) are hair-conditioning agents and skin-conditioning agents--miscellaneous. Ethylhexyl Salicylate (formerly known as Octyl Salicylate) is used as a fragrance ingredient, sunscreen agent, and UV light absorber (0.001% to 8%), and Methyl Salicylate is used as a denaturant and flavoring agent (0.0001% to 0.6%). Myristyl Salicylate has no reported function. Isodecyl Salicylate is used in three formulations, but no concentration of use information was reported. Salicylates are absorbed percutaneously. Around 10% of applied salicylates can remain in the skin. Salicylic Acid is reported to enhance percutaneous penetration of some agents (e.g., vitamin A), but not others (e.g., hydrocortisone). Little acute toxicity (LD(50) in rats; >2 g/kg) via a dermal exposure route is seen for Salicylic Acid, Methyl Salicylate, Tridecyl Salicylate, and Butyloctyl Salicylate. Short-term oral, inhalation, and parenteral exposures to salicylates sufficient to produce high blood concentrations are associated primarily with liver and kidney damage. Subchronic dermal exposures to undiluted Methyl Salicylate were associated with kidney damage. Chronic oral exposure to Methyl Salicylate produced bone lesions as a function of the level of exposure in 2-year rat studies; liver damage was seen in dogs exposed to 0.15 g/kg/day in one study; kidney and liver weight increases in another study at the same exposure; but no liver or kidney abnormalities in a study at 0.167 g/kg/day. Applications of Isodecyl, Tridecyl, and Butyloctyl Salicylate were not irritating to rabbit skin, whereas undiluted Ethylhexyl Salicylate produced minimal to mild irritation. Methyl Salicylate at a 1% concentration with a 70% ethanol vehicle were irritating, whereas a 6% concentration in polyethylene glycol produced little or no irritation. Isodecyl Salicylate, Methyl Salicylate, Ethylhexyl (Octyl) Salicylate, Tridecyl Salicylate, and Butyloctyl Salicylate were not ocular irritants. Although Salicylic Acid at a concentration of 20% in acetone was positive in the local lymph node assay, a concentration of 20% in acetone/olive oil was not. Methyl Salicylate was negative at concentrations up to 25% in this assay, independent of vehicle. Maximization te...

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Toxic effects of salicylate on the fœtus and mother

Cited by 50 publications

References 8 publications

A 19-year-old at 37 weeks gestation with an acute acetylsalicylic acid overdose

A 19-year-old at 37 weeks gestation with an acute acetylsalicylic acid overdose

Some Aspects of Perinatal Pharmacology

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