Toxic effects of the Emamectin Benzoate exposure on cultured human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells

Niu, Chenguang; Wang, Chunli; Wu, Guangyao; Yang, Jingnan; Wen, Yuqing; Meng, Shuang-Shuang; Lin, Xiaoqing Diana; Pang, Xiaobin; An, Li

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113618

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, emamectin benzoate is classified as a moderately toxic/hazardous compound by the Word Health Organization [79], and the careless use of this product may pose environmental risks and cause health hazards for animals and humans. For example, emamectin benzoate has been shown to be cytotoxic to human lung cells [80] and highly toxic to the silkworm moth, freshwater fish, and some bees [78]. Therefore, actions need to be taken (sensitization and training) to make sure that farmers use this product adequately.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Efficacy of Diatomaceous Earth, Household Soaps, and Neem Oil against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae in Benin

Aniwanou

Sinzogan

Deguenon

et al. 2020

Insects

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Spodoptera frugiperda was first reported in Africa in 2016 and has since become a serious threat to maize/cereal production on the continent. Current control of the pest relies on synthetic chemical insecticides, which can negatively impact the environment and promote the development of resistance when used indiscriminately. Therefore, great attention is being paid to the development of safer alternatives. In this study, several biorational products and a semi-synthetic insecticide were evaluated. Two household soaps (“Palmida” and “Koto”) and a detergent (“So Klin”) were first tested for their efficacy against the larvae under laboratory conditions. Then, the efficacy of the most effective soap was evaluated in field conditions, along with PlantNeem (neem oil), Dezone (diatomaceous earth), and Emacot 19 EC (emamectin benzoate), in two districts, N’Dali and Adjohoun, located, respectively, in northern and southern Benin. The soaps and the detergent were highly toxic t second-instar larvae with 24 h lethal concentrations (LC50) of 0.46%, 0.44%, and 0.37% for So Klin, Koto, and Palmida, respectively. In field conditions, the biorational insecticides produced similar or better control than Emacot 19 EC. However, the highest maize grain yields of 7387 and 5308 kg/ha were recorded, respectively, with Dezone (N’Dali) and Emacot 19 EC (Adjohoun). A cost-benefit analysis showed that, compared to an untreated control, profits increased by up to 90% with the biorational insecticides and 166% with Emacot 19 EC. Therefore, the use of Palmida soap at 0.5% concentration, neem oil at 4.5 L/ha, and Dezone at 7.5 kg/ha could provide an effective, environmentally friendly, and sustainable management of S. frugiperda in maize.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Efficacy of Diatomaceous Earth, Household Soaps, and Neem Oil against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae in Benin

Aniwanou

Sinzogan

Deguenon

et al. 2020

Insects

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“…3 EMB eliminates insect pests via acting on γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABA) and glutamate-gated chloride channels in the nerve cell. 4 EMB has higher insecticidal activity and lower application cost, so it remains one of the most commonly worldwide used insecticides. 5 However, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regards EMB as a highly toxic pesticide for mammals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the immunotoxicity induced by Emamectin benzoate on THP‐1 macrophages based on metabolomics analysis

Wei

Wang

Feng

et al. 2023

Environmental Toxicology

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“…9 In human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells, EMB increased the expression of Bax, and decreased Bcl-2, leading to cyt-c release, activation of caspase-3/9 and apoptosis. 42 In addition, recent studies have shown that disordered energy metabolism is associated with increased apoptosis. For example, Guo et al found that H 2 S inhalation suppressed the expression of HK1, HK2, PK, PFK, LDH and SDHB, and then caused energy metabolism disorders, eventually resulting in mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in hepatocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in Trichoplusia Tn5B1–4 cells, EMB increased ROS accumulation, accompanied with high expression of caspase‐3 in a time‐dependent manner, which consequently led to cell apoptotic death 9 . In human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells, EMB increased the expression of Bax, and decreased Bcl‐2, leading to cyt‐c release, activation of caspase‐3/9 and apoptosis 42 . In addition, recent studies have shown that disordered energy metabolism is associated with increased apoptosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome analysis of emamectin benzoate caused midgut damage by inducing oxidative stress, energy metabolism disorder and apoptosis in gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar)

Bai

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Emamectin benzoate (EMB) is a semisynthetic bioinsecticide, which has been widely used in the control of forestry and agricultural pests. However, the mechanism of its toxic effects on the non‐neural tissues has been rarely reported. Here, we explored the mechanism of the midgut damage induced by EMB in gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) in order to better understand the toxicological mechanism of EMB. RESULTS Our results confirmed that EMB caused damage to the midgut of gypsy moth by inducing apoptosis. Transcriptome showed that 1469, 650 and 950 genes were significantly differentially expressed in the midgut of gypsy moth after 24, 48 and 72 h of EMB exposure, and oxidative stress, energy metabolism disorder and apoptosis may be related to the toxic effects of EMB. The indicators related to oxidative stress, energy metabolism and apoptosis were further examined. The results showed that EMB could cause oxidative stress by increasing ROS level and inhibiting antioxidant enzymes (P < 0.05), such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), which in turn causes mitochondria injury. Subsequently, energy metabolism was inhibited by downregulating the activities and mRNA level of energy metabolism enzymes. Furthermore, the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway was activated, triggering apoptosis, and eventually causing midgut injury in gypsy moth. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that EMB caused damage to midgut by inducing oxidative stress, energy metabolism disorder and apoptosis in gypsy moth. Our findings shed new light on the toxicological mechanism of EMB on non‐neural tissues from oxidative stress, energy metabolism and apoptosis perspectives. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Toxic effects of the Emamectin Benzoate exposure on cultured human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells

Cited by 22 publications

References 28 publications

Bio-Efficacy of Diatomaceous Earth, Household Soaps, and Neem Oil against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae in Benin

Bio-Efficacy of Diatomaceous Earth, Household Soaps, and Neem Oil against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae in Benin

Investigation on the immunotoxicity induced by Emamectin benzoate on THP‐1 macrophages based on metabolomics analysis

Transcriptome analysis of emamectin benzoate caused midgut damage by inducing oxidative stress, energy metabolism disorder and apoptosis in gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar)

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