Toxic Metal Concentrations of Human Hair in Downstream of ASGM Sites in Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia

Gafur, Nurfitri Abdul; Sakakibara, Masayuki; Sera, K.; Arifin, Yayu Indriati

doi:10.1088/1755-1315/536/1/012006

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…Therefore, we may propose the use of sugar palm fiber nets as an alternative solution for reducing soil erosion at embankments, while also introducing a new industry for rural communities. This new industry can be described as a sustainable one and may deter communities from participating in extractive industries such as artisanal gold mining, which lead to degradation of the environment and human health [72,73]. The sugar palm fiber industry is one of the many emerging industries (Karawo, Amongo, sorghum and geotourism) that have been developed in tandem with the so-called Transdisciplinary Communities of Practice (TDCOP) [74].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Effective Are Palm-Fiber-Based Erosion Control Blankets (ECB) against Natural Rainfall?

Jahja,

Mudatstsir,

Supu

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Rainfall-induced soil erosion is a significant environmental issue that can lead to soil degradation and loss of vegetation. The estimated global annual loss increased by 2.5% over 11 years, from 35 billion tons in 2001 to 35.9 billion tons in 2012, mainly due to spatial changes. Indonesia is predicted to be among the largest and most intensively eroded regions among countries with higher soil erosion, regarded as hot-spots higher than 20 Mg yr−1 ha−1. Due to climate change, natural rainfall patterns in the tropical regions have been subject to change, with a lower number of rainy days and increased intensity of precipitation. Such changes trigger more soil erosion due to heavier rainfall kicking up dried soil particles that are exposed in the bare embankments. Unfortunately, there is no prevention available in developing countries due to the lack of availability and high prices of mitigation techniques such as terraces and covering areas with geotextiles or blankets. Erosion control blankets (ECBs) have emerged as a potential solution to mitigate soil erosion. This research article aims to evaluate the effectiveness of sugar-palm-fiber-based ECB in reducing soil erosion caused by natural rainfall. The study investigates the effectiveness of sugar-palm-based ECB in protecting against erosion at the designated embankment. During the three months of typical rainy seasons (February to April 2023), total eroded mass (kg) was collected and measured from two adjacent microplots (10 m2 each), one covered with ECB and the other one left as uncovered soil (bare soil). The results indicate that eroded mass is proportional to rainfall, with coefficients of 0.4 and 0.04 for bare soil and ECB-covered embankments, respectively. The total soil loss recorded during the monitoring period was 154.6 kg and 16.7 kg for bare and ECB-covered soil, respectively. The significantly high efficiency of the up to 90% reduction in soil losses was achieved by covering the slope with sugar-palm-fiber-based ECB. The reason for this may be attributed to the intrinsic surface properties of sugar palm fiber ropes and the soil characteristics of the plot area. Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fiber has higher lignocellulosic contents that produce a perfect combination of strong mechanical properties (higher tensile strength and young modulus) and a higher resistance to weathering processes. Although the cost of production of handmade sugar-palm-fiber-based ECB is now as high as 4 EUR, further reductions in cost production can be achieved by introducing machinery. Compared to typical ECBs which have smaller openings, sugar-palm-based ECB has larger openings that allow for vegetation to grow and provide it with a lower density. As such, we recommend improvements in the quality of palm-fiber-based ECB via the introduction of further automation in the production process, so that the price can be reduced in line with other commercially available natural fibers such as jute and coir.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Effective Are Palm-Fiber-Based Erosion Control Blankets (ECB) against Natural Rainfall?

Jahja,

Mudatstsir,

Supu

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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The Concentration of the Potentially Toxic Metals in Human Hair, Nails, Urine, Blood, and Air, and Their Impact on Human Health: A Review

Bansal¹

2023

ejtas

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Due to fast urbanization, industrialization, the metal industry, improper waste disposal, and chemicals associated with agricultural activities (fertilizers, pesticides), potentially toxic metals are discarded in water, soil, and the atmosphere (air). These metals enter the body through food, water, and air and accumulate. Some of these metals affect biological functions and growth in the body; some disturb endocrine gland functions; and some are accumulated in one or more organs, causing serious diseases including cancer. To assess the potential health risk due to the accumulation of these metals in the human body, biomarkers are used. Hair, nails, urine, and blood are commonly used biomarkers. The review aims is to summarize the concentration of potentially toxic metals in human hair, nails, urine, and blood. The feeding habits (vegetarian or non-vegetarian), sex, age, and concentration of these metals in drinking water, air, smoking, and workplace are some factors that affect the accumulation of these metals in hairs, nails, urine, and blood. The concentration of these metals in hair, nails, and blood was higher than in drinking water. This review also shows the adverse effects of these metals on humans.

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Toxic Metal Concentrations of Human Hair in Downstream of ASGM Sites in Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia

Cited by 2 publications

References 29 publications

How Effective Are Palm-Fiber-Based Erosion Control Blankets (ECB) against Natural Rainfall?

How Effective Are Palm-Fiber-Based Erosion Control Blankets (ECB) against Natural Rainfall?

The Concentration of the Potentially Toxic Metals in Human Hair, Nails, Urine, Blood, and Air, and Their Impact on Human Health: A Review

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