Toxic Products from Fires

Hartzell, Gordon E.; Packham, Steven C.; Switzer, Walter G.

doi:10.1080/15298668391404743

Cited by 31 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…During the past 20 years, a long list of toxic substances released during a fire has been created and their adverse effects on the human body. Next to carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, the following are mentioned: hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, hydrogen chloride, phosgene, chlorine, halogen acids, and many others [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the impact of harmful factors in the workplace on functioning of the respiratory system of firefighters

Witt¹,

Goniewicz²,

Pawłowski³

et al. 2017

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Introduction and objective. Firefighters are considered a healthy and fit group of individuals, well-prepared for taking action in disaster situations. While working, they suffer from exposure to certain toxic agents, especially combustion products generated when a fire takes place. Among them, the most frequent and the most toxic are: carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, and those resulting from PVC combustion -hydrochloride, phosgene and chloride. Additionally, fireextinguisher powder can be inhaled and lead to certain lesion in the airways. The aim of study was to ascertain the influence of toxic agents present at the scene of fire on the lung tissue of firefighters, and also to study this on an animal model. Materials and methods. The study group consisted of firefighters who had a minimum of 10 years service. After completing a questionnaire, their clinical status was ascertained based on a general examination, laboratory tests and lung function tests. Results. Questionnaire analysis showed a high percentage of pathological symptoms in the studied group. The incidence of the symptoms correlated with the duration of occupational exposure to toxic agents. Among other results, obstruction of flow in medium airways in about 30% of the studied individuals represented the most important finding. Experimental tests were next performed on male Wistar rats, aged 3 months. They were insufflated with the solution of powdered fire-extinguisher, after which morphology specimens of lung tissue were studied. Evidence for disseminated fibrosis was obtained, which supported the previous clinical findings in the firefighters. Conclusion. The above shows correlation between occupational exposure and respiratory system involvement in firefighters. This justifies covering the group of firefighters with special medical care focused on prophilaxis, early detection and therapy of pulmonary diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the impact of harmful factors in the workplace on functioning of the respiratory system of firefighters

Witt¹,

Goniewicz²,

Pawłowski³

et al. 2017

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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show abstract

“…4,5 Other toxic components of smoke can include ammonia, acrylonitrile, halogen acids, sulphur dioxide, aldehydes, isocyanates, methylene chloride, particulates, and hydrocarbons. [6][7][8] Exposures to respiratory irritants such as acrolein, hydrogen chloride, and nitrogen dioxide may lead to acute and chronic respiratory problems. Disability due to pulmonary disease has long been recognized as a potential work-related hazard for fire fighters.…”

Section: Evaluation Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

HETA 91-0190-2491, International Association of Fire Fighters (IAFF), Jersey City, New Jersey.

Kinnes¹,

Deitchman²

1995

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“…4,5 Other toxic components of smoke can include ammonia, acrylonitrile, halogen acids, sulfur dioxide, aldehydes, isocyanates, methylene chloride, particulates, and hydrocarbons. [6][7][8] Exposures to respiratory irritants such as acrolein, hydrogen chloride, and nitrogen dioxide may lead to acute and chronic respiratory problems. Disability due to pulmonary disease has long been recognized as a potential work-related hazard for fire fighters.…”

Section: Evaluation Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

HETA 91-0230-2543, International Association of Fire Fighters (IAFF), Henderson, Nevada.

1995

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Toxic Products from Fires

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

Analysis of the impact of harmful factors in the workplace on functioning of the respiratory system of firefighters

Analysis of the impact of harmful factors in the workplace on functioning of the respiratory system of firefighters

HETA 91-0190-2491, International Association of Fire Fighters (IAFF), Jersey City, New Jersey.

HETA 91-0230-2543, International Association of Fire Fighters (IAFF), Henderson, Nevada.

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