Toxic spiroepoxy compounds from <i>Fusaria</i> and other hyphomycetes

Bamburg, James R.; Marasas, W. F. O.; Riggs, NV; Smalley, E. B.; Strong, F. M.

doi:10.1002/bit.260100405

Cited by 65 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For electron microscopy, small pieces of the glandular Trichothecenes [2] are mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium molds which have been studied as the main causative agents of alimentary toxic aleukia in humans [3,6] and moldy corn toxicosis of farm animals [3,21].…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Course of Apoptotic Changes in the Rat Gastric Mucosa Caused by Oral Administration of Fusarenon-X.

Shimizu

1997

J. Vet. Med. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Male 5-week-old Wistar rats orally (po) administered with fusarenon-X (FX) 1.5 mg/kg and control rats po-treated with distilled water were sacrificed at 0-48 hr after gavage. FX-administered rats showed significant dilatation of the stomach with increased fluid contents at 1-24 hr postadministration (PA). Histopathologically, karyopyknosis of chief cells in the basal region of the gastric glands began to appear at 1 hr, and nuclear fragments were seen in the neck cell region at 1.5 hr PA. At 2-4 hr PA, apoptotic cells appeared diffusely in the neck region and focally in the basal region. Electron microscopy revealed that cells phagocytosing apoptotic bodies were the surface epithelia, undifferentiated neck cells, parietal cells and chief cells. No evidence was detected to show that parietal cells underwent apoptotic changes. The apoptotic lesions peaked at 4-6 hr PA, gradually subsided at 12 hr PA, and became minimal leaving apoptotic remnants in the basal region at 24 hr PA. At 48 hr PA, however, diffuse apoptotic lesions reappeared in the basal region at a level similar to that at 2-3 hr PA. This might be attributable to absorption of FX retaining in the stomach for 24 hr. In situ detection of DNA breaks by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) reaction was consistent with the histopathologic findings. Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA fragments isolated from the gastric mucosae of FX-administered rats showed a ladder pattern after 1.5 hr PA and the pattern became more distinct at 2-4 hr PA. -KEY WORDS: apoptosis, DNA fragmentation, fusarenon-X, oral administration, rat stomach.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 59(3): 191-199, 1997 MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals:A hundred and four male 5-week-old Wistar rats weighing 140 ± 10.0 g purchased from the Kumamoto Agency of Japan SLC Co., Ltd., Shizuoka, Japan were randomly divided into the respective experimental and control groups for examination of pathomorphological changes and DNA fragmentation of the glandular stomach in rats po-treated with FX. They were kept in cages each containing 4 or 5 animals. Commercial breeder pellets for rats and mice (Japan Agricultural Products Co., Ltd., Yokohama) and tap water were given ad libitum. The room temperature and humidity during the experiment were conditioned 24 ± 1.0°C and 50-60%.Toxin administration: Each rat of the experimental group was po administered with 1.5 mg/kg of FX (purity 97.4%, Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd., Osaka) dissolved in distilled water at 0.5 mg/ml. The control group received po 0.5 ml of distilled water.Pathomorphological examination: Eighty rats, consisting of the equal number of FX-treated and control groups were sacrificed at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hr PA of the toxin by exsanguinating from the jugular vein under light ether anesthesia: each 4 animals for 0 to 4 hr and each 3 for 6 to 48 hr PA. The stomach with contents was removed and weighed using Mettler P1200 (Mettler Inc., Darmstadt, Germany). Data were analyzed using Stude...

show abstract

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Course of Apoptotic Changes in the Rat Gastric Mucosa Caused by Oral Administration of Fusarenon-X.

Shimizu

1997

J. Vet. Med. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…DNA fragmentation study: Twenty-four rats of the same Trichothecenes [2] are mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium molds which have been studied as the main causative agents of alimentary toxic aleukia in human [4,8] and moldy corn toxicosis of farm animals [17].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Apoptotic Changes in the Gastric Glandular Epithelium of Rats Administered Intraperitoneally with Fusarenon-X.

Shimizu

Miyoshi

et al. 1997

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Fusarenon-X (FX) 1.5 mg/kg was administered intraperitoneally (ip) to 6-week-old male Wistar rats for examination of pathologic effects on the glandular stomach. Rats ip-treated with sterilized physiological saline were used as control. FX-administered rats showed dilatation of the stomach with increased fluid contents after 1-4 hr. Light microscopically, a few apoptotic karyopyknosis were seen in chief cells in the basal region at 1 hr postadministration (PA) and mitotic inhibition was evident after 2 hr PA. Marked apoptosis of nuclear pyknosis and cytoplasmic inclusions in both zymogenic and oxyntic cells developed from basal to middle regions of the gastric mucous membrane at 2-4 hr PA with a peak at 3 hr. Apoptotic changes of differentiating neck cells and surface epithelia were less evident. Electron microscopy revealed that the chief cells were the main target of FX-induced apoptotosis. The parietal cells were secondarily involved because they phagocytosed chief cell-derived apoptotic bodies. In situ detection of DNA breaks by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) reaction revealed the positive nuclei after 1 hr PA, which increased with time and reached a peak at 3 hr PA, in accordance with apoptotic changes in histological study. Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA isolated from the gastric mucosae of FX-administered rats showed ladder pattern of DNA fragments after 1.5 hr PA with the maximum distinctness at 3 hr PA. -KEY WORDS: apoptosis, DNA fragmentation, fusarenon-X, rat stomach, TUNEL.

show abstract

“…T-2 toxii, ' ,15-diacetoxy-8a-(3-methylbutyryloxy)-3a-hydroxy-12,13 epoxycrichothe¢-9-ene, is produced by the Fusarium species (Bamburg et al, 1968a, b). T-2 and other trichathecene mycotoxins have been associated with moldy-food toxicoses in man and farm animals (Joffe, 1971;Hsu et al, 1972;Ueno et al, 1972a, b;Ueno, 1977).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolism and Clearance of T-2 Mycotoxin in Perfused Rat Livers

Pace

1986

Toxicol Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Toxic spiroepoxy compounds from Fusaria and other hyphomycetes

Cited by 65 publications

References 37 publications

Course of Apoptotic Changes in the Rat Gastric Mucosa Caused by Oral Administration of Fusarenon-X.

Course of Apoptotic Changes in the Rat Gastric Mucosa Caused by Oral Administration of Fusarenon-X.

Rapid Apoptotic Changes in the Gastric Glandular Epithelium of Rats Administered Intraperitoneally with Fusarenon-X.

Metabolism and Clearance of T-2 Mycotoxin in Perfused Rat Livers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About