Toxic temperatures: Bee behaviours exhibit divergent pesticide toxicity relationships with warming

Kenna, Daniel; Graystock, Peter; Gill, Richard J.

doi:10.1111/gcb.16671

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 153 publications

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“…Neonicotinoids reduce the ability of honeybees to survive exceptionally warm or cold temperatures [12,13]. A recent study also found that the neonicotinoid imidacloprid interacted with high temperatures to reduce the distances that bumblebees were able to fly in a tethered flight mill [16]. Our study focused on homing success, but also required bees to fly one kilometre, a distance which may have been challenging for Pristine-exposed bees, particularly at higher temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Neonicotinoids reduce the ability of honeybees to survive exceptionally warm or cold temperatures [12,13], with greater differences in gene expression found in bees exposed to both stressors as opposed to one or the other [12,14,15]. A recent study also found that the neonicotinoid imidacloprid interacted with high temperatures to reduce the distances that bumblebees were able to fly in a tethered flight mill [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synergistic negative effects between a fungicide and high temperatures on homing behaviours in honeybees

DesJardins,

Chester,

Ozturk

et al. 2024

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Interactions between environmental stressors may contribute to ongoing pollinator declines, but have not been extensively studied. Here, we examined the interaction between the agricultural fungicide Pristine (active ingredients: 25.2% boscalid, 12.8% pyraclostrobin) and high temperatures on critical honeybee behaviours. We have previously shown that consumption of field-realistic levels of this fungicide shortens worker lifespan in the field and impairs associative learning performance in a laboratory-based assay. We hypothesized that Pristine would also impair homing and foraging behaviours in the field, and that an interaction with hot weather would exacerbate this effect. Both field-relevant Pristine exposure and higher air temperatures reduced the probability of successful return on their own. Together, the two factors synergistically reduced the probability of return and increased the time required for bees to return to the hive. Pristine did not affect the masses of pollen or volumes of nectar or water brought back to the hive by foragers, and it did not affect the ratio of forager types in a colony. However, Pristine-fed bees brought more concentrated nectar back to the hive. As both agrochemical usage and heat waves increase, additive and synergistic negative effects may pose major threats to pollinators and sustainable agriculture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic negative effects between a fungicide and high temperatures on homing behaviours in honeybees

DesJardins,

Chester,

Ozturk

et al. 2024

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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“…Further, the interaction between temperature and neonicotinoids may depend on the type of behavior being observed. Neonicotinoids had a greater effect on movement and food consumption at a low temperature (21°C) yet a greater effect on flight distance at a high temperature (30°C) (Kenna et al 2023). Considering 13/129 studies reported temperature from our analysis of ECOTOX, monitoring temperature can be critical to interpreting data used for risk assessments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk assessments underestimate threat of pesticides to wild bees

Shahmohamadloo,

Tissier,

Guzman

2023

Preprint

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Ecological risk assessments (ERA) are crucial when developing national strategies to manage adverse effects from pesticide exposure to natural populations. Yet, estimating risk with surrogate species in controlled laboratory studies jeopardizes the ERA process because natural populations exhibit intraspecific variation within and across species. Here, we investigate the extent to which the ERA process misestimates risk from pesticides on different species by conducting a meta-analysis of all records in the ECOTOX Knowledgebase for honey bees and wild bees exposed to neonicotinoids. We found the knowledgebase is largely populated by acute lethality data on the Western honey bee and exhibits within and across species variation in LD50 up to six orders of magnitude from neonicotinoid exposure. We challenge the reliability of surrogate species as predictors when extrapolating pesticide toxicity data to wild pollinators and recommend solutions to address the (a)biotic interactions occurring in nature that make such extrapolations unreliable in the ERA process.

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“…However, given that environmental conditions usually differ dramatically from lab conditions, that environmental conditions such as temperature affect toxicity (Kenna et al. 2023 ), and that for eusocial insects, colony-level testing is critical to assess effects on reproduction, mandating higher-tier field-realistic testing before approval decisions are made could significantly lower threats to pollinator safety (figure 1 ). In addition, pesticides should be tested as they are formulated and sold for real-world use to account for the potential effects of inert ingredients and the synergisms between formulation components.…”

Section: Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking the cycle: Reforming pesticide regulation to protect pollinators

Fisher,

Tadei,

Berenbaum

et al. 2023

BioScience

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Over decades, pesticide regulations have cycled between approval and implementation, followed by the discovery of negative effects on nontarget organisms that result in new regulations, pesticides, and harmful effects. This relentless pattern undermines the capacity to protect the environment from pesticide hazards and frustrates end users that need pest management tools. Wild pollinating insects are in decline, and managed pollinators such as honey bees are experiencing excessive losses, which threatens sustainable food security and ecosystem function. An increasing number of studies demonstrate the negative effects of field-realistic exposure to pesticides on pollinator health and fitness, which contribute to pollinator declines. Current pesticide approval processes, although they are superior to past practices, clearly continue to fail to protect pollinator health. In the present article, we provide a conceptual framework to reform cyclical pesticide approval processes and better protect pollinators.

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Toxic temperatures: Bee behaviours exhibit divergent pesticide toxicity relationships with warming

Cited by 21 publications

References 153 publications

Synergistic negative effects between a fungicide and high temperatures on homing behaviours in honeybees

Synergistic negative effects between a fungicide and high temperatures on homing behaviours in honeybees

Risk assessments underestimate threat of pesticides to wild bees

Breaking the cycle: Reforming pesticide regulation to protect pollinators

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