Toxic trace pollutants from incineration

Siebert, Paul C.; Alston, D.R.; Jones, Kay

doi:10.1002/ep.670100110

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, incineration releases toxic substances, including products of incomplete combustion and metals (Siebert and Alston, 1991;Dempsey and Oppelt, 1993). Of the pollutants emitted, polychlorinated dibenzop-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) raise the most concern due to associated health effects such as immune, nervous, endocrine, reproductive, and carcinogenic potential (WHO, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using stochastic risk assessment in setting information priorities for managing dioxin impact from a municipal waste incinerator

2002

Chemosphere

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using stochastic risk assessment in setting information priorities for managing dioxin impact from a municipal waste incinerator

2002

Chemosphere

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“…Many good studies have been performed on the types and amounts of these PICs in coal combustion − and in waste incineration plants. − Much is currently known about the influence of operating variables on emissions from combustors and/or incinerators. This field is so broad that this paper is devoted only to the incineration of residues and wastes containing chlorine, such as municipal solid waste (MSW) or refuse-derived fuel (RDF) and some sludges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing Total Oxidation Catalysts for Gas Cleanup in Waste Incineration at Pilot Scale

Corella

Toledo

2002

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Seven different total oxidation catalysts (PRO*CLEAN*500; EF 258 H/D; Siemens A; ZERONOX; and Ru, Pd, and V2O5 on a TiO2 support) have been tested for abatement of principal organic hazardous compounds (POHCs) in the flue gas from a waste incinerator of the fluidized-bed type. These catalysts were placed in a slip flow downstream from the waste incinerator. The catalytic reactors used were both metallic and glass, made for monoliths and for particulates. The temperatures used in the catalytic reactors ranged from 240 to 510 °C, and the volumetric gas hourly space velocities (GHSVs) ranged from 1200 to 5700 [(mgas,normal conditions 3/h)/mcatalyst 3]. The catalysts operated under a realistic flue gas, which was sampled before and after the catalytic reactor at different times on stream. Condensates after the catalytic reactor were also analyzed for organics and for compounds sometimes lost from the catalyst. Gas sampling and analysis were carried out using standarized methods. Conversions (destructions) of most of the POHCs were 99.99%, but small GHSV values were required. Experimental conditions for an even more refined catalyst comparison are also provided.

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“…However, the public is still concerned about the combustion applications due to the possible formation of certain toxic pollutants. These pollutants may pose adverse health effects if they are not well controlled by the air pollution control devices (APCDs) (Alston and Jones, 1991;. One example is the toxic metallic emission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike the organic compounds, the toxicity of metallic compounds in the waste are not destroyed in the high temperature processes. Although in trace quantities, certain metals are carcinogenic and may pose adverse health effects once emitted (Savage et al, 1988;Siebert et al, 1991;. In the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, eleven toxic metals and their compounds are proposed to be regulated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Control of toxic metallic emissions formed during the combustion of Ohio coals. Final report, September 1, 1993--August 31, 1994

Biswas¹,

Owens²,

1995

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Portions of this document may be illegible in electronic image products. Images are produced from tbe best available original document. EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe objective of the projec "Control of toxic metallic emissions formed during the combustion of Ohio coals" was to characterize metallic emissions fiom representative coals and develop strategies for their control. Though metallic emissions fiom coal combustors have been extensively studied, more studies need to be performed to better characterize the interaction of various species which is required for the selection and design of sorbents for effective control of these emissions. Furthermore, this characterization is important as the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) have targeted a list of air toxics for fbrther regulation under Title 111. Eleven metallic species and their compounds -antimony, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel and selenium are in this list, and most of them are prevalent in coal. Major sources (industries emitting 10 tons per year of any single air toxic or 25 tons per year of any combination) will be initially targeted, and many utilities and industrial facilities using coal fall in this category. The other feature of the 1990 CAAA is that USEPA has been instructed to set stiingent technology based standards, and therefore control techniques have to be developed. Some coals are rich in sulfbr, and utilities using these coals will have to use some form of Flue Gas Desulfbrization (FGD). A technique for FGD is the use of calcium based sorbents, and the degree of metals capture of these sorbents under different conditions will be researched.The objective of the first year of the study was to understand the evolution of metallic aerosol size distributions and the capture characteristics of various sorbents. Also, the metallic emissions resulting fiom the combustion of two seams of Ohio coals were to be characterized. Studies on the evolution of the metallic aerosol size distributions have been completed and the use of silicon and calcium based sorbents for capture of lead species has been examined. Co-injection of metallic compounds along with organometallic silicon indicated a high degree of capture of lead in a certain 1 temperature regime. Preliminary results with Calcium based sorbents also indicate capture of metallic species. To gain a krther understanding of the capture processes, in situ optical diagnostic studies were performed in collaboration with researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Spectroscopic studies (laser induced fluorescence coupled with particle scattering) were performed to help understand the mechanisms of metallic species capture. Characterization of metallic emissions from the combustion of Ohio coals is in progress. Several modeling efforts have also been initiated. A detailed thermodynamic equilibrium model to predict metallic species capture rates has been developed and a number of simulations have been carried out to establish conditions fo...

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Toxic trace pollutants from incineration

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Using stochastic risk assessment in setting information priorities for managing dioxin impact from a municipal waste incinerator

Using stochastic risk assessment in setting information priorities for managing dioxin impact from a municipal waste incinerator

Testing Total Oxidation Catalysts for Gas Cleanup in Waste Incineration at Pilot Scale

Control of toxic metallic emissions formed during the combustion of Ohio coals. Final report, September 1, 1993--August 31, 1994

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