Toxicity, accumulation and clearance of aromatic hydrocarbons in Daphnia pulex

Trucco, R.G.; Engelhardt, F. R.; Stacey, B.

doi:10.1016/0143-1471(83)90076-4

Cited by 30 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Yet, maternal transfer of naphthalene in D. magna is likely based on studies in other species (F. heteroclitus, Monteverdi and Di Giulio 2000). Clearance time for PAH's are on the order of days depending on species and chemical (Trucco et al 1983), and therefore, is potentially maternally transferred in D. magna. However, Villarroel et al (2000) observed that D. magna pre-exposed to chemicals while still in the brood pouch were actually more sensitive to the chemical than the parental generation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Development of resistance to cyfluthrin and naphthalene among Daphnia magna

Brausch

Smith

2009

Ecotoxicology

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In this study, Daphnia magna were exposed to a pyrethroid insecticide (cyfluthrin) or a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (naphthalene) for 12 generations to evaluate development of resistance followed by a 12 generation recovery period. Twenty-four hour old D. magna were exposed to concentrations of each chemical resulting in 50-70% mortality to select for the least sensitive individuals. LC50 values, survival, reproductive output, and time to first brood in stressor-exposed and control D. magna were recorded for each generation. Significant changes in LC50 values were observed after 4 generations and then declined after 6-10 generations post-exposure. D. magna were 5 times less sensitive to cyfluthrin and 3 times less sensitive to naphthalene as compared to controls after 12 generations of exposure. There were no differences in survival, time to first brood, or total number of offspring produced between control and either of the resistant F13 D. magna. Cyfluthrin exposed D. magna exhibited cross-resistance to DDT and methyl parathion, and naphthalene resistant D. magna were less sensitive than controls to both pyrene and benz(a)anthracene. When the cytochrome P450 inhibitor piperonyl butoxide was used in conjunction with cyfluthrin and naphthalene the sensitivity of resistant and control D. magna were equal, suggesting P450s were responsible for conveying resistance. This study demonstrates that life history and organisms' capacity to develop resistance is important to consider ensuring accuracy of ecological risk assessments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Development of resistance to cyfluthrin and naphthalene among Daphnia magna

Brausch

Smith

2009

Ecotoxicology

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“…Therefore, these compounds absorb electromagnetic radiation of longer wavelengths than do many other organic compounds. Many PAHs have absorption maxima in the UV-A and visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum (Table 3) [12]. We also wanted to use independent physical measures of the interaction of PAHs with electromagnetic radiation that were easily measured or available in the literature.…”

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confidence: 99%

Predictive Models for Photoinduced Acute Toxicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons to Daphnia Magna, Strauss (Cladocera, Crustacea)

Newsted¹,

Giesy²

1987

Environ Toxicol Chem

136

254

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The photodynamic, actue toxicities of 20 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to Duphniu mugnu were predicted by photophysical and physiochemical parameters. The photophysical parameters considered were lowest singlet energy, lowest triplet energy, singlet-triplet splitting energy and phosphorescence lifetime. The physiochemical parameters were first-and second-order connectivity indices and log P values. D. magna were exposed to aqueous solutions of each PAH such that equimolar concentrations in D. mugnu were achieved. The organisms and the PAHs were then exposed to 120 pW/cm2 UV-A and 25 pW/cm2 UV-B light. Mortality times (min) were recorded and the results reported as median lethal time (LT50). Potency factors (+) were calculated and used to rank the PAHs in terms of relative photodynamic toxicity. Some statistically relevant correlations between individual physical parameters and toxicity were observed. Linear, multiple regression models were poor predictors of photoinduced PAH toxicity. A curve-linear model was developed to predict photoinduced toxicity from triplet energy. Goodness-of-fit chi-square tests were performed and demonstrated that triplet energy was an effective predictor both of observed LT5O and of LT50 values adjusted to a constant PAH concentration. Toxicity data were also analyzed using discriminant functional analysis. A stepwise, canonical correlation parameter selection method separated the PAHs into three toxic categories by using triplet energy and phosphorescence lifetime as variables. This model, which classifies PAHs as very toxic, moderately toxic or nontoxic, was 100% accurate when the model developed from one set of PAHs was tested with a different set.

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“…The toxicity of aromatic hydrocarbons, in particular those of the polyaromatic group (PAH), has been clearly identified in aquatic organisms (Trucco et al 1983). This by-product of oil, present in petrochemical activity, may alter cladocerans' lives (Trucco et al 1983). PAHs are prevalent pollutants in aquatic environment and may cause a broad range of toxic effects (Ireland et al 1996).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, these contaminants should be considered as a potentially important component of quantifying toxicological stress in aquatic ecosystems (Gewurtz et al 2000). The toxicity of aromatic hydrocarbons, in particular those of the polyaromatic group (PAH), has been clearly identified in aquatic organisms (Trucco et al 1983). This by-product of oil, present in petrochemical activity, may alter cladocerans' lives (Trucco et al 1983).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicological Evaluation in an Effluent and Petrochemical Waste Disposal Area

Terra

Feiden

Lemos

et al. 2009

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Water and sediment were studied to assess the impact of wastes from an area used for a disposal area of treated petrochemical effluents in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The study was performed using the Daphnia magna (Straus 1820) for chronical evaluations, mutagenesis in Salmonella/microsome assays, and micronuclei induction in cultures of V79 cell to assess genotoxicity. Six sites were defined for chronic and genotoxic tests by micronuclei induction with liquid and sediment samples. Long-term tests were planned in semi-static flow, with microcrustaceans 2 to 26 h old in the beginning of assays. The minimum level of reproduction required to maintain the species was not reached. There are delays for the beginning of the reproductive process. Survival was also affected in some samples. The reproductive responses were more sensitive on identifying environmental quality than the survival rate. The study of mutagenicity by Salmonella/microsome assay made it possible to define the seasonality of the components showing greater frequency in winter. The predominant event was the frameshift mutation in assays with the presence of metabolism. However, the cytotoxic activity, although present in all seasons, was less frequent in winter. The genotoxicity analysis in V79 cells exposed to liquid samples from the area also showed that cytotoxicity was the most frequent event. This may have interfered in the detection of a potential micronuclei induction. The results showed that, even after treatment, effluents disposed on the soil continue with active pollutants interfering in cladoceran's quality of life, cellular physiology, and DNA integrity.

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Toxicity, accumulation and clearance of aromatic hydrocarbons in Daphnia pulex

Cited by 30 publications

References 12 publications

Development of resistance to cyfluthrin and naphthalene among Daphnia magna

Development of resistance to cyfluthrin and naphthalene among Daphnia magna

Predictive Models for Photoinduced Acute Toxicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons to Daphnia Magna, Strauss (Cladocera, Crustacea)

Ecotoxicological Evaluation in an Effluent and Petrochemical Waste Disposal Area

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