Toxicity and aluminium concentration in bone following dietary administration of two sodium aluminium phosphate formulations in rats

Je, Hicks; Hackett, Dennis S.; Sprague, G.L.

doi:10.1016/0278-6915(87)90205-5

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…A study was conducted by Stauffer Chemical Company in male rats fed their basic SALP-containing products. The treatment groups ate feed for 28 days containing: 3% KASAL (1866 mg Al/kg diet; ~ daily dose 141 mg/kg bw), 0.7% KASAL II (908 mg Al/kg diet; ~ daily dose 67 mg Al/ kg bw), 30,000 ppm KASAL II (3761 mg Al/kg diet; ~ daily dose 288 mg Al/kg bw), 14,470 ppm Al hydroxide as a positive control (4034 mg Al/kg diet; ~ daily dose 302 mg Al/kg bw), or the basic (control) diet (66 mg Al/kg diet; ~ daily dose 5 mg Al/kg bw) (Hicks et al, 1987). Other than a significant increase of serum sodium, no significant effects were seen in bone Al, gross autopsy, histopathology, food consumption, hematology, clinical chemistry or organ weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum bioavailability from basic sodium aluminum phosphate, an approved food additive emulsifying agent, incorporated in cheese

Yokel

Hicks

Florence

2008

Food and Chemical Toxicology

161

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Oral aluminum (Al) bioavailability from drinking water has been previously estimated, but there is little information on Al bioavailability from foods. It was suggested that oral Al bioavailability from drinking water is much greater than from foods. The objective was to further test this hypothesis. Oral Al bioavailability was determined in the rat from basic [26Al]-sodium aluminum phosphate (basic SALP) in a process cheese. Consumption of approximately 1g cheese containing 1.5% or 3% basic SALP resulted in oral Al bioavailability (F) of approximately 0.1% and 0.3%, respectively, and time to maximum serum 26Al concentration (Tmax) of 8-9h. These Al bioavailability results were intermediate to previously reported results from drinking water (F approximately 0.3%) and acidic-SALP incorporated into a biscuit (F approximately 0.1%), using the same methods. Considering the similar oral bioavailability of Al from food vs. water, and their contribution to the typical human's daily Al intake ( approximately 95% and 1.5%, respectively), these results suggest food contributes much more Al to systemic circulation, and potential Al body burden, than does drinking water. These results do not support the hypothesis that drinking water provides a disproportionate contribution to total Al absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum bioavailability from basic sodium aluminum phosphate, an approved food additive emulsifying agent, incorporated in cheese

Yokel

Hicks

Florence

2008

Food and Chemical Toxicology

161

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“…Testis weight was 168% of controls Melograna and Yokel (1984) Sprague 141, 288, or 302 (1876, 3948, 8064, or 8456) Testes calcification, degeneration with atrophy, and edema were not significantly increased above controls Hicks et al (1987) Human sperm Exposed for 0, 10, 30, or 60 min to bovine estrous cervical mucus that had been in contact with 10, 100, or 200 lM/ml AlCl 3…”

Section: Fetal Placental Amniotic Fluid Meconium and Testes Al Comentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Notes 1. Benett et al (1975), Dixon et al (1979), McCormack et al (1979, Katz et al (1984), Wide (1984), Cranmer et al (1986), Hicks et al (1987), Bernuzzi et al (1989), Muller et al (1990), Roy et al (1991), Misawa and Shigeta (1992), Muller et al (1993), Agarwal et al (1996), , , Gonda et al (1997), Albina et al (1999), Guo et al (2005b, 2006287), Beekhuijzen (2007), Wise et al (2008), Guo et al (2009) rabbit diet consumption of 5% of body weight daily was assumed http://agritech.tnau.ac.in/animal_husbandry/animhus_rabbit%20feeding.html, https://www.purinamills.com/rabbit-food/products/detail/ purina-fibre3-rabbit-feed. Daily water intake for guinea pigs was assumed to be 0.15 l/kg.…”

Section: Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum reproductive toxicity: a summary and interpretation of scientific reports

Yokel

2020

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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Publications addressing aluminum (Al)-induced reproductive toxicity were reviewed. Key details were compiled in summary tables. Approximate systemic Al exposure, a measure of bioavailability, was calculated for each exposure, based on the Al percentage in the dosed Al species, Al bioavailability, and absorption time course reports for the exposure route. This was limited to laboratory animal studies because no controlled-exposure human studies were found. Intended Al exposure was compared to unintended dietary Al exposure. The considerable and variable Al content of laboratory animal diets creates uncertainty about reproductive function in the absence of Al. Aluminum-induced reproductive toxicity in female mice and rats was evident after exposure to !25-fold the amount of Al consumed in the diet. Generally, the additional daily Al systemic exposure of studies that reported statistically significant results was greater than 100-fold above the typical human daily Al dietary consumption equivalent. Male reproductive endpoints were significantly affected after exposure to lower levels of Al than females. Increased Al intake increased fetus, placenta, and testes Al concentrations, to a greater extent in the placenta than fetus, and, in some cases, more in the testes than placenta. An adverse outcome pathway (AOP) was constructed for males based on the results of the reviewed studies. The proposed AOP includes oxidative stress as the molecular initiating event and increased malondialdehyde, DNA and spermatozoal damage, and decreased blood testosterone and sperm count as subsequent key events. Recommendations for the design of future studies of reproductive outcomes following exposure to Al are provided.

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“…Studies involving dietary administration of Al(OH) 3 and SALP basic to groups of 25 male Sprague-Dawley rats for 28 days resulted in no effects at the highest tested doses, which were in the region of 140-300 mg Al/kg bw per day (Hicks et al, 1987).…”

Section: Ratsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Safety of aluminium from dietary intake ‐ Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Food Contact Materials (AFC)

2008

EFS2

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Following a request from the Commission, the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Food Contact Materials (AFC) was asked to provide a scientific opinion on the safety of aluminium from all sources of dietary intake. In the event the estimated exposure for a particular sub-group(s) is found to exceed the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake, a detailed breakdown by exposure source should be provided. Aluminium occurs naturally in the environment and is also released due to anthropogenic activities such as mining and industrial uses, in the production of aluminium metal and other aluminium compounds. A variety of aluminium compounds are produced and used for different purposes, such as in water treatment, papermaking, fire retardant, fillers, food additives, colours and pharmaceuticals. Aluminium metal, mainly in the form of alloys with other metals, has many uses including in consumer appliances, food packaging and cookware. The major route of exposure to aluminium for the general population is through food. Aluminium in drinking water represents another, minor, source of exposure. Additional exposures may arise from the use of aluminium compounds in pharmaceuticals and consumer products. Most unprocessed foods typically contain less than 5 mg aluminium/kg. Higher concentrations (mean levels 5 to 10 mg/kg) were often found in breads, cakes and pastries (with biscuits having the highest levels), some vegetables (with mushrooms, spinach, radish, swiss card, 1 For citation purposes: Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Food Contact Materials on a request from European Commission on Safety of aluminium from dietary intake.

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Toxicity and aluminium concentration in bone following dietary administration of two sodium aluminium phosphate formulations in rats

Cited by 20 publications

References 13 publications

Aluminum bioavailability from basic sodium aluminum phosphate, an approved food additive emulsifying agent, incorporated in cheese

Aluminum bioavailability from basic sodium aluminum phosphate, an approved food additive emulsifying agent, incorporated in cheese

Aluminum reproductive toxicity: a summary and interpretation of scientific reports

Safety of aluminium from dietary intake ‐ Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Food Contact Materials (AFC)

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