Toxicity and antitumor potential of Mesosphaerum sidifolium (Lamiaceae) oil and fenchone, its major component

Abstract

BackgroundThe essential oil from Mesosphaerum sidifolium (L’Hérit.) Harley & J.F.B.Pastore (syn. Hyptis umbrosa), Lamiaceae (EOM), and its major component, have been tested for toxicity and antitumor activity.MethodsEOM was obtained from aerial parts of M. sidifolium subjected to hydro distillation, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to characterize the EOM chemical composition. The toxicity was evaluated using haemolysis assay, and acute toxicity and micronucleus tests. Ehrlich ascites carcinoma model was used to evaluate the in vivo antitumor activity and toxicity of EOM (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg), and fenchone (30 and 60 mg/kg) after 9 d of treatment.ResultsThe EOM major components were fenchone (24.8%), cubebol (6.9%), limonene (5.4%), spathulenol (4.5%), β-caryophyllene (4.6%) and α-cadinol (4.7%). The HC50 (concentration producing 50% haemolysis) was 494.9 μg/mL for EOM and higher than 3000 μg/mL for fenchone. The LD50 for EOM was approximately 500 mg/kg in mice. The essential oil induced increase of micronucleated erythrocytes only at 300 mg/kg, suggesting moderate genotoxicity. EOM (100 or 150 mg/kg) and fenchone (60 mg/kg) reduced all analyzed parameters (tumor volume and mass, and total viable cancer cells). Survival also increased for the treated animals with EOM and fenchone. For EOM 150 mg/kg and 5-FU treatment, most cells were arrested in the G0/G1 phase, whereas for fenchone, cells arrested in the S phase, which represents a blockage in cell cycle progression. Regarding the toxicological evaluation, EOM induced weight loss, but did not induce hematological, biochemical or histological (liver and kidneys) toxicity. Fenchone induced decrease of AST and ALT, suggesting liver damage.ConclusionsThe data showed EOM caused in vivo cell growth inhibition on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma model by inducing cell cycle arrest, without major changes in the toxicity parameters evaluated. In addition, this activity was associated with the presence of fenchone, its major component.

Subtribe Hyptidinae (Lamiaceae): A promising source of bioactive metabolites

“…The fresh leaves of Mesosphaerum sidifolium afforded an essential oil (ca. 0.6%) rich in limonene ( 244 ), fenchone ( 253 ) and cubebol ( 292 ) ( Rolim et al, 2017 ).…”

“…The authors reported that the essential oil (100 and 150 mg/kg) and fenchone ( 253 ) (60 mg/kg) were able to reduce all analyzed parameters related to tumor (volume, mass and total viable cells). Furthermore, it was found that both treatments caused a blockage in the cell cycle progression ( Rolim et al, 2017 ).…”

“… Rolim et al (2017) evaluated the toxicity (mice erythrocytes, acute preclinical and genotoxicity) of the essential oil from Mesosphaerum sidifolium and its main component, fenchone ( 253 ). The results demonstrated that the essential oil induced weight loss, but presented no positive results in hematological, biochemical or histological parameters.…”

Erratum to: toxicity and antitumor potential of Mesosphaerum sidifolium (Lamiaceae) oil and fenchone, its major component

“…After the publication of this article [1] it came to our attention that the author list was incorrect. The author Josean Fechine Tavares was included due to an error during the production process.…”

Efeitos da morfina e metadona sobre o comportamento e crescimento tumoral de camundongos com tumor de Ehrlich

“…O tumor ascítico de Ehrlich consiste em um modelo de adenocarcinoma mamário, maligno, com alta proliferação e sem remissão, que acomete espontaneamente camundongos (FASTAIA; e, que por suas características quantitativas, é utilizado para testar a influência de fármacos no crescimento ou inibição tumoral (HASHEM et al, 2020;KABEER et al, 2019;ROLIM et al, 2017).…”