Toxicity and Behaviour of <i>Clarias Gariepinus</i> (Burchell, 1822) Fingerlings subjected to Piscicidal Plant Extract of Aidon <i>Tetrapleura Tetraptera</i>

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The study was carried out to investigate the toxicity of water extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruits on catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerlings. The experiment was carried out under laboratory conditions for 96 hours with 30 fingerlings treated with each of the six graded concentrations (0g/300ml, 15g/300ml, 30g/300ml 45g/300ml, 60g/300ml and 75g/300ml) of dried fruits of Tetrapleura tetraptera. The study showed that the higher the concentration of the extract the higher the mortality of fingerlings while the toxicity of the extract reduced with time. Fifty percent mortality of the fingerlings was recorded at 24, 20 and 16 hours for 45g/300ml, 60g/300ml and 75g/300ml concentrations of extracts respectively. The result also showed that there were significant differences (P < 0.05) among the graded concentrations in relation to mortality of fingerlings while the LSD revealed that 45g/300ml, 60g/300ml and 75g/300ml concentrations of extract were not significantly different (P>0.05) in relation to mean mortality of fingerlings. The treated fingerlings were observed to show erratic swimming and loss of balance at high concentrations of extract. It is recommended that more studies be carried out on other parts of Tetrapleura tetraptera and their effect on different fish species. @ JASEM In extensive and semi-intensive aquacultural practices, a common problem is the presence of wild and unwanted organisms. Typical examples are frogs, mollusks, insect larvae and fish weeds. A conventional means of eradicating these unwanted organisms is the application of synthetic compounds called biocides. Examples are sodium cyanide, not often recommended because of their toxicity to fish and other aquatic species as well as humans. Most of thee biocides contaminate the environment and their application is unfriendly. Derris root powder, a derivative of a plant (Derris elliptica) is the most popular pesticide used in aquacultural practices to eradicate unwanted fish. This biodegradable extract is expensive and unaffordable by majority of fish farmers in Nigeria. It is therefore, of considerable interest to investigate other plants derived pesticides which are not only available but also cheap, effective and biodegradable that could substitute for derris root powder. These qualities are possessed by some local plants in Nigeria thus they have a role to play in the eradication of wild, resident species of fish from aquacultural ponds prior to stocking because many of these species prey on or compete with fry and fingerlings of desired fish species. Some indigenous plant species in Nigeria with piscicidal potentials have been reported by Obot (1996). These include Cassia alata, Erythrophloem ivorensis, Omphalocarpum elatum and Piptadenastrum africanum. Others are Albizia ferruginea, Albizia adianthifolia, Strychnos aculeata and Tetrapleura tetraptera (commonly called Aidon). These species are all used as local fish poisons in different parts of Nigeria. Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schum and Thonn) Taub is a tropical rainforest ...

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Etude de la toxicité des feuilles du pommier de Sodome du Sénégal et du tourteau de graines de thé chez le tilapia du Nil en aménagement piscicole

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