Toxicity and bioaccumulation of 2,2', 4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE47) in a laboratory aquatic food chain

Abstract

Rising levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been ovserved in the environment, humans, and animlas. Studies have shown that these compounds can elicit toxic effects in animals (e.g. neurotoxicity and thyroid toxicity). This research investigated the effects of BDE47 on the survival and reproduction of Daphnia magna over two generations. The impacts of water-borne exposure were compared to dietary exposure using the following treatments: dosed water (DW), dosed algae (DA) and dosed water and algae (DWA). In the first generation, significant impacts on reproduction were observed in daphnids in the DA and DWA treatments. In the second generation, no significant impacts on reproduction were observed indicating a recovery from maternal exposure. When second generation daphnids were exposed to BDE47, there was high mortality in the DWA treatment anad reduced reproduction in all dosed treatments. Dietary exposure to BDE47 had a more profound impact on daphnid reproduction than water exposure. In the second generation, dietary exposure affected both survival and reproduction and water exposure reduced reproduction, indicating that maternal exposure was a factor.

An Ecotoxicological Assessment of the Impact of Microplastics on Daphnia magna using Acute and Chronic Toxicity Endpoints with a Focus on Stress Behaviour

“…behaviour for use in assessments. In the McCarthy lab, this was further detailed byMarshall (2009) and again discerned by. In line with their work, the three behavioural endpoints have been refined and were applied to bioassays.…”

“…Baun & Nyholm (1996) affirmed bioassay's importance as it concludes the "overall toxic properties." In the McCarthy lab, subsequent research has focused on this principle (Spearin, 2003;Marshall, 2009;Puddephatt, 2013; Therefore, it is not enough simply to collect and measure the abundance and distribution of microplastics in an aquatic system in order to properly understand impact to the environment.…”

An Ecotoxicological Assessment of the Impact of Microplastics on Daphnia magna using Acute and Chronic Toxicity Endpoints with a Focus on Stress Behaviour

“…behaviour for use in assessments. In the McCarthy lab, this was further detailed byMarshall (2009) and again discerned by. In line with their work, the three behavioural endpoints have been refined and were applied to bioassays.…”

“…Baun & Nyholm (1996) affirmed bioassay's importance as it concludes the "overall toxic properties." In the McCarthy lab, subsequent research has focused on this principle (Spearin, 2003;Marshall, 2009;Puddephatt, 2013; Therefore, it is not enough simply to collect and measure the abundance and distribution of microplastics in an aquatic system in order to properly understand impact to the environment.…”