Toxicity and Fate of Insecticide Residues in Water

Lichtenstein, E. P.; Kr, Schulz; Rf, Skrentny; Tsukano, Yutaka

doi:10.1080/00039896.1966.10664358

Cited by 43 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Dissipation of residues was rapid due to rapid stream flow and within 45 min half of the initial concentration was lost. This agrees with the short TD50 value reported earlier for carbaryl in running water by Back (1965) and Lichtenstein et al (1966). However, the present value differed considerably from the ones (1.7 to 6.0 d) reported by Eichelberger and Lichtenberg (1971), Osman and Belal (1980) and Stanley and Trial (1980).…”

Section: Forest Litter and Soilsupporting

confidence: 80%

Distribution and persistence of carbaryl in some terrestrial and aquatic components of a forest environment

Sundaram

Szeto

1987

J. of Env. Sc. & Hlth., Part B

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An oil-based formulation of carbaryl (1-naphthyl N-methylcarbamate) (Sevin-2-Oil) was applied twice by a fixed-wing aircraft at a dosage rate of 280 g of A.I./ha/application to a coniferous forest near Allardville, New Brunswick. The highest concentrations of the chemical in fir foliage, litter and forest soil 1 h after application were respectively 4.20, 1.21 and 0.59 ppm (fresh weight).The residues dissipated rapidly and the DT50 values

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Section: Forest Litter and Soilsupporting

confidence: 80%

Distribution and persistence of carbaryl in some terrestrial and aquatic components of a forest environment

Sundaram

Szeto

1987

J. of Env. Sc. & Hlth., Part B

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“…Available data on the water solubility of D D T vary by as much as three orders of magnitude, namely from 0.001 to 1.0 ppm (6,7,8). In our experiments, DDT was diminished by between 70% and less than 30% after 6 and 12 weeks (Tables 1 to 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 44%

Fate and behavior of five chlorinated hydrocarbons in three natural waters

Oloffs¹,

Albright²,

Szeto³

1972

Can. J. Microbiol.

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1972. Fate and behavior of five chlorinated hydrocarbons in three natural waters. Can. J. Microbiol. 18: 1393-1398. Water samples removed from two rivers and from the subtidal zone of Georgia Strait in British Columbia were treated with either 0.025 pprn of DDT, lindane, a-chlordane, or y-chlordane, or 0.1 pprn Aroclor 1260 (PCB). The samples were incubated in the laboratory for up to 12 weeks at the temperatures of these natural waters at the time of sampling. Lindane persisted in all water samples throughout the experiment, but large proportions of the other compounds were transported into the atmosphere during incubation except when the containers were sealed. N o metabolic breakdown could be demonstrated. As demonstrated with 14C-y-chlordane, uneven distribution of the pesticides occurred rapidly, but was prevented, or reversed, by addition of a surfactant to the water. Total bacterial counts were generally higher in treated than in untreated water samples. OLOFFS, P. C., L. J. ALBRIGHT et S. Y. SZETO. 1972. Fate and behavior of five chlorinated hydrocarbons in three natural waters. Can. J. Microbiol. 18: 1393-1398. Des echantillons d'eau prClevCs de deux rivikres et de la zone des basses marees dans le Georgia Strait, en Colombie Britannique, furent trait& avec soit 0.025 ppm de DDT, lindane, a-chlordane, y-chlordane, ou 0.1 pprn d'Arochlor 1260 (PCB). Les tchantillons furent incubes dans le laboratoire pour des pkriodes allant jusqu'a 12 semaines, et aux temperatures des eaux naturelles au temps de 1'6hantillonnage. Le lindane persista dans tous les echantillons tout au cours de l'expbience, tandis que de grandes proportions des autres composCs furent transportees dans l'atmosphkre durant l'incubation, excepte lorsque les boites furent fermCes hermktiquement. On n'a pu demontrer de bris mktabolique. Lorsque le 14C-ychlordane fut utilise, on a dCmontrC que les pesticides se distribuent inigalement et rapidement; ce phenomkne est prevenu ou renverse par l'addition d'un surfactant B l'eau. Les comptes bactkriens totales furent genballement plus eleves dans les Cchantillons traites que dans ceux non trait&.

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“…This result is similar to the pH 7·6 optimum found by Ishida and Dahm (1965) for the attack on y-HCH by housefly enzyme preparations. Similarly, degradation of y-HCH in mud was found to be most rapid at pH 7 and 9 with some persistence at pH 5 (Lichtenstein et al 1966). However, a common feature of that study and the present one is that at pH 9 and 10 some alkaline dehydrochlorination of the y-HCH to y-PCCH (Yule et al 1967) or other undetected products may have accounted for the loss of some of the y-HCH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Degradation of Hexachlorocyclohexanes and Structurally Related Substances by Clostridium Sphenoides

Heritage¹,

MacRae²

1979

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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Washed cell suspensions of C. sphelloides adapted to the y-isomer of 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane (y-HCH), metabolized IX-and y-HCH but not p-and o-HCH. Temperature and pH optima for the metabolism of y-HCH were found to be 40°C and pH 8 ·0. The y-HCH-adapted suspensions also metabolized the P-, y-and o-isomers of 3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-l-cyclohexene, 2,3,4,5,6-pentachloro-2-cyclohexen-l-ol, y-l ,2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorocyclohex-l-ene, and 1,2,3,4,5-pentachlorocyclohexane. The suspensions did not metabolize a selection of chlorinated benzenes, dichlorocyclohexane and chlorocyclohexane.

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Toxicity and Fate of Insecticide Residues in Water

Cited by 43 publications

References 12 publications

Distribution and persistence of carbaryl in some terrestrial and aquatic components of a forest environment

Distribution and persistence of carbaryl in some terrestrial and aquatic components of a forest environment

Fate and behavior of five chlorinated hydrocarbons in three natural waters

Degradation of Hexachlorocyclohexanes and Structurally Related Substances by Clostridium Sphenoides

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