Toxicity and tolerance mechanism of binary zinc oxide nanoparticles and tetrabromobisphenol A regulated by humic acid in Chlorella vulgaris

Abstract

Recent studies have reported that nanoparticles (NPs) released into the aquatic environment may interact with persistent organic pollutants such as brominated flame retardants, whereas the environmental processes and toxicological impacts...

A critical review on the toxicity regulation and ecological risks of zinc oxide nanoparticles to plants

“…47 Furthermore, the hydrodynamic diameter and surface charge of ZnO NPs can be impacted by the interaction with the surrounding environmental medium and lead to different biological responses in plant cells. 36 The subsequent part of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense appears to explain this regulatory difference. The investigation of molecular regulation in physiological inhibition as the basis of phenotypic studies determines the lifeblood of plant growth and development, and more knowledge reserves will be required in establishing molecular-phenotypic theories.…”

“…More importantly, natural ecosystems show the presence of a large quantity of pollutants, biomolecules, and other components. Given the growing environmental exposure to NPs, they may have synergistic 34 or antagonistic toxic effects 35 in organisms 36 when they are combined with different environmental mediators. Nevertheless, in addition to the biotoxicity induced by individual NPs, the behavior and toxicity of complexes of binary or multiple NPs are also largely subject to significant challenges.…”