Toxicity assessment of aqueous extract of <i>Curtisia dentata</i> (Burm.f) C.A. Sm: stem bark in male Wistar rats

A Systematic Review of Curtisia dentata Endemic to South Africa: Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology

“…The MIC > 1 mg/mL is therefore referred to as less active or inactive. Using these as a standard benchmark, it is clear that the extracts, fractions, isolated compounds, and derivatives from Curtisia dendata exhibited noteworthy antimicrobial activity against microorganisms that include Microsporum canis, Sporothrix schenkii, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Shigella sonnei, Shigella typhimurium, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycoplasma hominis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter lwoffii [41][42][43][44][45][46][47]49,[63][64][65]. These results, in a way, validate the use of the plant species in the treatment of a variety of infections, particularly tuberculosis, sexually transmitted infections, diarrhea, opportunistic infections associated with HIV/AIDS, and skin-related infections, as cited in the literature for such uses [2,66,67].…”

“…Furthermore, the drug vehicle, which is often a solvent mostly used in extracting the solvent, gives false positive results due to the toxicity of the solvent, not the drug or extract itself [108]. The in vitro cytotoxicity studies of Curtisia dendata extracts and isolated compounds from the plant species have been against HEK293 and Vero cells [43], while the in vivo studies were performed in Wistar rats [64]. Lupeol was less toxic compared to betulinic acid, with LC 50 values of 89.5 and 10.9 µg/mL against Vero cells, respectively.…”

“…The cytotoxic effect of the extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds from the plant species still needs to be explored, as there are only a few reports in the literature for comparison purposes and a possible further in vivo study. The toxicity of an aqueous extract from Curtisia dendata stem bark has been evaluated against healthy male Wistar rats [64]. The rats were given an oral dose of the extract at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg once per day for a period of 28 consecutive days.…”