Toxicity of and metals in coal combustion ash leachate

Karuppiah, Makesh; Gupta, Gian

doi:10.1016/s0304-3894(97)00034-4

Cited by 40 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This method was based on the reducing the bioluminescence of the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri by toxicants. Previous researchers used this method to assay the toxicity (EC 50 %) of the bottom ash leachate [22]. In this study, V. fischeri (luminescent bacteria) was cultured by the ISO11348-1 standard method, and V. fischeri was used to evaluate the short-term toxicity of the raw fly ash extraction solution, the thermally treated slag extraction solution.…”

Section: Toxicity Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission of Pb and PAHs from thermally co-treated MSWI fly ash and bottom ash process

Chou

Wey

Chang

2008

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Toxicity Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission of Pb and PAHs from thermally co-treated MSWI fly ash and bottom ash process

Chou

Wey

Chang

2008

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…Work during the 1960s and 1970s was directed mainly to devising tests for specific purposes and scenarios. Some regulatory methods or those that provide detailed characterization of a solid phase may not be suitable as evaluation tools for initial utilization, material reuse, or disposal and management scenarios (ASTM 1993;Hansen et al 2002;Karuppiah and Gupta 1997;van der Sloot 1998). International efforts on coal utilization by-products (CUB) and extensive work on incinerator ash and metallurgical process streams have recognized the limitations of established regulatory methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serial batch leaching procedure for characterization of coal fly ash

Hesbach

Kim

Abel³

et al. 2009

Environ Monit Assess

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Although many leaching methods have been used for various purposes by research groups, industries, and regulators, there is still a need for a simple but comprehensive approach to leaching coal utilization by-products and other granular materials in order to estimate potential release of heavy metals when these materials are exposed to natural fluids. A serial batch characterization method has been developed at the National Energy Technology Laboratory that can be completed in 2-3 days to serve as a screening tool. The procedure provides an estimate of cumulative metals release under varying pH conditions, and leaching the sample at increasing liquid/solid ratios can indicate the rate at which this process will occur. This method was applied to eight fly ashes, adapted to the acidic or alkaline nature of the ash. The leachates were analyzed for 30 elements. The test was run in quadruplicate, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was used as a measure of method reproducibility. RSD values are between 0.02 and 0.70, with the majority of the RSD values less than 0.3. The serial batch leaching procedure was developed as a simple, relatively quick, yet comprehensive method of estimating the risk of heavy metal release from fly ash when it is exposed to natural fluids, such as acid rain or groundwater. Tests on a random selection of coal fly ashes have shown it to be a reasonably precise method for estimating the availability and long-term release of cations from fly ash.

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“…The diversity of waste, its morphological and chemical composition, is associated with the presence of numerous hazardous substances which, when incinerated, undergo changes and accumulate in ashes [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. These substances pose a potential threat for the soil and aquatic environment, as they are easily leached and incorporated in the geochemical cycle [10][11][12][13]. Unfortunately, the existing body of knowledge about the extent of this threat is insufficient, and this subject has not been fully studied and documented in scientific publications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaching of Chlorides, Sulphates, and Phosphates from Ashes Formed as a Result of Burning Conventional Fuels, Alternative Fuels, and Municipal Waste in Household Furnaces

Kicińska

Caba²

2021

Energies

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The aim of the study was to assess leaching of Cl−, SO42−, and PO43− from ashes formed in household furnaces. The ashes were obtained following the combustion of conventional fuels, namely wood and hard coal, and alternative fuels with various fractions of municipal waste in a household boiler. Aqueous leachates of the ashes were used to determine concentrations of chlorides by titration (Mohr’s method) (21.3–3049.6 mg/dm3), sulphates by the gravimetric method (12.2–244.1 mg/dm3), and phosphates by spectrophotometry (0.01–67.2 mg/dm3). It was found that co-combustion of municipal waste with plastic-coated paper cartons, diapers, or a mixed waste fraction leaves the greatest amount of ashes on the furnace grate. The highest amounts of Cl−, SO42−, and PO43− were leached from ashes generated from burning a mix of wood and coals, or wood alone (different species). The addition of municipal waste to the process of burning the conventional and alternative fuels studied did not significantly increase Cl−, SO42−, and PO43− content in aqueous extracts of ashes, the exception being diapers and plywood. In light of the study results, it was concluded that all the ashes could be reused (as an additive to concrete) except for the ash generated from the combustion of a mixed municipal waste fraction and coal (due to the content of Cl−) and diapers (due to the content of PO43−). It was demonstrated that Cl−, SO42−, and PO43− content in the entire set of samples and in individual ash groups is highly heterogeneous and variable.

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Toxicity of and metals in coal combustion ash leachate

Cited by 40 publications

References 9 publications

Emission of Pb and PAHs from thermally co-treated MSWI fly ash and bottom ash process

Emission of Pb and PAHs from thermally co-treated MSWI fly ash and bottom ash process

Serial batch leaching procedure for characterization of coal fly ash

Leaching of Chlorides, Sulphates, and Phosphates from Ashes Formed as a Result of Burning Conventional Fuels, Alternative Fuels, and Municipal Waste in Household Furnaces

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