Toxicity of aromatic disulphides. III. In vivo haemolytic activity of aromatic disulphides

Abstract

Diphenyl disulphide, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl disulphide, 2,2'-diaminodiphenyl disulphide, 4,4'-dimethyldiphenyl disulphide and 4,4'-dinitrodiphenyl disulphide, when administered orally to rats, induced haematological and pathological changes indicative of erythrocyte destruction in vivo. No evidence of haemolysis was detected, however, in animals receiving diphenyl disulphide-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid or dibenzyl disulphide. The order of activity of the various aromatic disulphides in provoking in vivo haemolysis was similar to that previously recorded for 'active oxygen' generation and erythrocyte damage in vitro. The results of this investigation suggest that in vivo haemolysis may be anticipated from any disulphide or thiol which undergoes appreciable autoxidation at neutral pH. While aromatic or alpha beta-unsaturated thiols and disulphides would be expected to be the most active haemolytic agents, other thiols or disulphides may precipitate the destruction of erythrocytes whose defences against oxidative attack are deficient.

Development and performance evaluation of a positive reference material for hemolysis testing

“…It has been reported that aromatic disulfides induce hemolysis of erythrocytes, 19,20 and in fact, diphenyl disulfide itself also exhibited significant hemolytic activity in this study. This compound induces hemolysis as the result of biological effects in erythrocytes such as hydrogen FIGURE 4.…”

“…The 23 chemicals listed in Table I were selected as candidate hemolytic compounds according to previous reports, [18][19][20] and the hemolytic behavior against rabbit RBCs was estimated using a simple survey method. As shown in Table I, although most of the compounds did not exhibit hemolytic activity under the conditions used in this study, Genapol X-080 and diphenyl disulfide significantly induced hemolysis.…”

A novel fluorescence turn-on probe for the selective detection of thiophenols by caged benzooxazolidinoindocyanine

“…All pH measurements were carried out on a Model pHS-3C pH meter (Shanghai, China). The probe PBO was characterized by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, IR and HRMS ( Fig. S12-14 in ESI †).…”

“…in CH 3 CN-PBS (10 mM, pH ¼ 7. dinitrophenyl ether and chemical-reaction-induced skeletal rearrangement would be happened. In addition, the product of the reaction of probe PBO with thiophenol was isolated by column chromatography, and further conrmed by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, high resolution mass spectrometry analysis ( Fig. S15-17 in ESI †).…”

“…10,11 Prolonged exposure to thiophenol liquid and vapor in water or soil is highly detrimental to human health, and triggers a series of serious systemic injuries, including damage to the central nervous system, muscle weakness and even death. 12,13 Considering their high toxicity and the emerging concerns about the environment, easy, simple, rapid and highly sensitive and selective methods for the detection of thiophenols are therefore of great importance in both environmental and biological sciences.…”