Toxicity of cadmium in Japanese quail: Evaluation of body weight, hepatic and renal function, and cellular immune response

Santana, Miriam; Moraes, Ruan Carlos Macêdo de; Bernardi, Maria Martha

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2005.06.003

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…These results agree with previous reports (Vodela et al, 1997;Nolan and Brown, 2000;Sant'Ana et al, 2005;Rahman et al, 2007). However, some studies have reported that low levels of Cd added to diet (3 mg/kg) or water (1.5 mg/l) had a positive effect on performance parameters (Leach et al, 1979;Pribilincova and Marettova, 1996;Toman et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Numerous reports have shown that exposure to cadmium (Cd), which is very toxic and non-essential for poultry, results in limitations on growth, increased mortality and decreased egg production (EP) and eggshell quality (Leach et al, 1979;Nolan and Brown, 2000;Sant'Ana et al, 2005;Rahman et al, 2007). Leach et al (1979) indicated that the addition of Cd (48 mg/kg) to the diets of laying hen markedly decreased EP and eggshell thickness during a 48-week trial period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of dietary cadmium supplementation on performance, egg quality, tibia biomechanical properties and eggshell and bone mineralisation in laying quails

Olgun

2015

Animal

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of cadmium supplementation (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg) in the diet on performance, egg quality, tibia biomechanical properties and eggshell and bone mineral contents in laying quails. In this 10-week trial, a total of 96 laying quails, aged 21 weeks, were randomly distributed among six experimental groups. Each experimental group contained four replicates of four birds each. The performance parameters were adversely affected quadratically when cadmium was added to the diets in the concentrations of 20 mg/kg and above ( P < 0.01). The specific gravity and eggshell weight were maximal with the addition of 20 mg/kg cadmium to the diet. The biomechanical properties of the tibia were negatively affected by cadmium supplementation in quails ( P < 0.05). The eggshell boron content decreased linearly ( P < 0.001) with cadmium supplementation to the diet. The cadmium content in bone increased when cadmium was added to the diets ( P < 0.001). The bone boron concentration decreased as dietary cadmium supplementation was increased ( P < 0.001).Keywords: cadmium, bone, eggshell, performance, quail Implications Cadmium (Cd) is known as a toxic element for living organisms. However, low levels of Cd added to rations are also reported to have positive effects. In the present study, high levels of added Cd were toxic; however, when added in small amounts, positive effects were observed. There was a negative correlation between Cd and boron concentration in bones. IntroductionNumerous reports have shown that exposure to cadmium (Cd), which is very toxic and non-essential for poultry, results in limitations on growth, increased mortality and decreased egg production (EP) and eggshell quality (Leach et al., 1979;Nolan and Brown, 2000;Sant'Ana et al., 2005;Rahman et al., 2007). Leach et al. (1979) indicated that the addition of Cd (48 mg/kg) to the diets of laying hen markedly decreased EP and eggshell thickness during a 48-week trial period. Similarly, Rahman et al. (2007) showed that exposure to Cd (0.1 to 10 mg/kg BW injection) decreased EP and eggshell thickness in quails.Bones not only provide structural support for birds but are also an important mineral source for metabolic requirements such as for the formation of the eggshell in female birds. Cd has adverse effects on minerals such as calcium (Ca), which is the main component of bones and the eggshell. It has been reported that exposure to Cd decreased bone resistance and mineral levels in bones in rats (Brzoska and MoniuszkoJakoniuk, 2004;.Cd is known to be toxic for humans and animals (Friberg et al., 1992;Jarup, 2002;Satarug et al., 2003;Jemai et al., 2007), but the results of some studies indicate that it may be useful when low levels are added to diets (Leach et al., 1979;Bokori and Fekete, 1995;Pribilincova and Marettova, 1996;Rahman et al., 2007). Leach et al. (1979) reported a positive effect of Cd supplementation (3 mg/kg) on EP during a 12-week study in laying hens. Pribilincova and Mar...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of dietary cadmium supplementation on performance, egg quality, tibia biomechanical properties and eggshell and bone mineralisation in laying quails

Olgun

2015

Animal

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“…Heavy metals cause reductions in growth rate, feed efficiency, egg production and increase mortality, which leads to economic loss for poultry breeders (Sant'Ana et al, 2005;Rahman et al, 2007;Abduljaleel and Shuhaimi-Othman, 2013) and causes severe consequences to human health (Bertin and Averbeck, 2006). Cadmium (Cd) is known to be one of the major environmental pollutants and is unique among other metals because of its toxicity at a very low dosage and its low rate of excretion from the body (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2012; Kour et al, 2014;Olgun, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of vitamin E or clay in growing Japanese quail fed diets polluted by cadmium at various levels

Abou-Kassem

Mahrose

Alagawany

2016

Animal

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This study was conducted to verify whether vitamin (Vit) E or natural clay as feed additives has the potential to modulate the deleterious effects resulting from exposure to cadmium (Cd) in growing Japanese quail. 648 Japanese quail chicks (1 week old) were used to evaluate the effects of dietary Cd (0, 40, 80 and 120 mg/kg diet) and two levels of Vit E (0, 250 mg/kg diet) or two levels of natural clay (0 and 100 mg/kg diet) to study the influences of Cd, Vit E, clay or their different combinations on growth performance, carcass traits, some blood biochemical components and Cd residues in muscles and liver. Live BW and weight gain of quails were linearly decreased with increasing dietary Cd levels. Moreover, feed conversion was significantly worsened with increasing Cd level. Mortality percentage was linearly increased as dietary Cd level increased up to 120 mg/kg diet. Carcass percentage was linearly decreased as dietary Cd level increased. While, giblets percentage were linearly and quadratically differed as dietary Cd level increased. Cd caused significant changes in total plasma protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, creatinine, urea-N and uric acid concentrations as well as ALT, AST and ALP activities. Increasing dietary Cd level was associated with its increase in the muscles and liver. Dietary supplementation with 250 mg of Vit E/kg diet or 100 mg clay/kg improved live BW, BW gain and feed conversion when compared with the un-supplemented diet. Quails fed diet contained 250 mg Vit E/kg and those fed 100 mg clay/kg had the highest percentages of carcass and dressing than those fed the un-supplemented diet. Blood plasma biochemical components studied were better when birds received 250 mg of Vit E/kg diet and those received 100 mg clay/kg. Cd residues in the muscles and liver were significantly less in the birds had 250 mg of Vit E/kg or those received 100 mg clay/kg diet than those un-supplemented with Vit E. Growth performance traits and blood plasma biochemical components studied were significantly affected linearly by the interactions among Cd and each of Vit E and clay levels. In conclusion, the present results indicate that the deleterious effects induced by Cd plays a role in decreasing the performance of Japanese quail and that dietary supplementation with natural clay or Vit E may be useful in partly alleviating the adverse effects of Cd.

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“…The introduction of Cd is believed to have harmful impacts on several levels of the food chain, in respects of bioaccumulation. Toxic outcomes of Cd have been observed in the renal system, liver, genital organs, fetus, and the pulmonary and immune systems [1,3]. The toxic consequences of Cd are interdependent with the deformity of the developing embryo and carcinogenesis [2,4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental studies play a vital role in checking the results of environmental pollutants [15]. The Japanese quail has been nominated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a passable model organism for surveys that appraise the influence of presentation of environmental contaminants [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological and Functional Alteration in the Liver and Kidney and the Response of Antioxidants in Japanese quail Exposed to Dietary Cadmium

Karimi

Hesaraki

Mortazavi

2017

IJT

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Background:The aim of the present study was to find the effects of cadmium (Cd) on Japanese quail on the role of an animal model in order to understand the toxicity of Cd in creatures presented, within the environment. Methods:One hundred 30-day-old male Japanese quails were equally divided into the control group and Cd group. The control group received no Cd while the Cd group was given formula feed comprised of 100 ppm of Cd (CdCl2, Merck, Germany) for sixty days. The histological and functional alteration in the liver and kidneys and the response of antioxidants were determined.Results: Histological changes in the liver increased the number of kuppfer cells, vacuolar degeneration, and hepatocytes single cell necrosis in the Cd group. The renal histopathological changes were hyaline cast in renal tubules and necrosis and swelling of tubular epithelial cells. The level of aminotransferases (ALT and AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine rose significantly in the Cd group toward the control group (P<0.05). The antioxidants (SOD, CAT and GSH) levels considerably diminished, while lipid peroxidation proliferated substantially in the hepatic and renal tissues of Japanese quails in the CD group (P<0.05). Conclusion:Presentation to dietary Cd (100mg/kg diet) for 60 reduces the body weights gain and induces the histological and functional alteration in the liver and kidneys of Japanese quail as well as cellular antioxidant alterations.

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Toxicity of cadmium in Japanese quail: Evaluation of body weight, hepatic and renal function, and cellular immune response

Cited by 39 publications

References 17 publications

The effect of dietary cadmium supplementation on performance, egg quality, tibia biomechanical properties and eggshell and bone mineralisation in laying quails

The effect of dietary cadmium supplementation on performance, egg quality, tibia biomechanical properties and eggshell and bone mineralisation in laying quails

The role of vitamin E or clay in growing Japanese quail fed diets polluted by cadmium at various levels

Histological and Functional Alteration in the Liver and Kidney and the Response of Antioxidants in Japanese quail Exposed to Dietary Cadmium

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