Toxicity of dispersed weathered crude oil to early life stages of Atlantic herring (<i>Clupea harengus</i>)

McIntosh, Stephen; King, Tom; Wu, Dongmei; Hodson, Peter V.

doi:10.1002/etc.134

Cited by 68 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Our observations are thus consistent with previous studies [12,21]. According to McIntosh et al [22] newly fertilized embryos are more sensitive than the newly hatched embryos, which is the opposite of our results. However, it is noteworthy that in this previous study crude oil was dispersed before creating the WAF solution.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Sensitivity of Different Early Developmental Periods of Baltic Herring (Clupea harengus) to Water-accommodated Fraction of Crude Oil

Venesjärvi¹

2013

TOEPTJ

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The probability for the oil accident to occur at the Gulf of Finland has been increasing last ten years and it is predicted to continue so. The risk is high based on the accident probability and the probable harm caused; some spawning areas of the Baltic herring (Clupea harengus membras) are located in the vicinity of ports and ship fairways with heavy traffic, so any oil spillage there could affect recruitment of this commercially important species. In this study, newly fertilized embryos, the older embryos and the hatched larvae of Baltic herring were exposed to water-accommodated fraction (WAF) made from crude oil. Oil exposure increased most the mortality of the hatched larvae, and larvae hatched during the exposure were more sensitive to the impacts of oil than larvae which were exposed after their hatching. The LC 50 value was 16 % of WAF-solution of crude oil for the exposed larvae. The most tolerant for the oil were the embryos in late embryonic stage (the LC 50 was 44 % of WAF-solution). During the exposure, some malformations i.e. a curving of the notochord were noticed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Sensitivity of Different Early Developmental Periods of Baltic Herring (Clupea harengus) to Water-accommodated Fraction of Crude Oil

Venesjärvi¹

2013

TOEPTJ

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“…Although these were not quantified, abnormalities observed included spinal deformity, cardiac impairment, as well as oedema of the pericardial cavity and yolk sac. These morbidities, among others, are documented in other species after PAH exposure (Barron et al 2004;Couillard et al 2004;Incardona et al 2004Incardona et al , 2005Incardona et al , 2009Incardona et al , 2014Anderson et al 2009;McIntosh et al 2010;Scott et al 2011;Agamy 2012). Deformed larvae were not evident in control treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Reductions in growth and downstream survival of pink salmon larvae exposed to crude oil were found by Heintz et al (2000). Recruitment may also be affected as PAHs impair gamete viability and may therefore disrupt reproductive function in adult fish (McIntosh et al 2010). The likely occurrence of deformities and increased mortality at comparatively low tPAH concentrations further suggest that YTK are sensitive to PAH contamination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of MVRenaheavy fuel oil and dispersed oil on yellowtail kingfish early life stages

Muncaster

Jacobson

Taiarui

et al. 2016

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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The grounding of the MV Rena has highlighted the lack of information concerning the effects of oil-related compounds on New Zealand marine life. Yellowtail kingfish (YTK), Seriola lalandi, embryos were exposed in static incubations to the wateraccommodated fraction (WAF) of Rena heavy fuel oil as well as a similar preparation treated with the commercial dispersant Corexit 9500. Mortality in WAF treatments generally increased in association with total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (tPAH) concentration over a 24-h period. Physical abnormalities were observed in some of the larvae exposed to WAF for 48 h. There was no survival in dispersed oil treatments after 24 h of exposure. These treatments had greater tPAH concentrations (2-53 µgL −1 ) than equivalent WAF dilutions (0.2-1.5 µgL −1 tPAH). Indications are that significant morbidity is induced in YTK at ecologically relevant tPAH concentrations. This highlights the need for further research into oil and dispersant toxicity in New Zealand marine species. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…19,20 It is important to find solutions that can clean up an oil spill that can be practically used and that are effective. Furthermore, solutions, themselves need to be safe, otherwise, toxicity to marine life can be compounded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness and toxicity of oil spill reagents on Artemia Salina

Sharma¹

2016

JSST

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To determine the safety and effectiveness of three potential agents which could be used to manage an oil spill. Methods: The effectiveness of three agents to manage an oil spill was evaluated: liquid soap, human hair, and Enviro-Bond 403 polymer. These agents were selected as soap can emulsify oil, and hair and polymer act as adsorbants. To evaluate safety, 1 hour-Artemia Salina (brine shrimp) survival was evaluated, as Artemia is a commonly used organism for toxicity studies. Serial dilutions were employed to construct lethal concentration curves to estimate the concentration at which 50% of the organisms would die (LC 50 ) for a normal environment (control), for an oil spill (control 2) and for an oil spill managed with each of the 3 agents. Results: Hair and polymer were effective adsorbents as 12% and 20% of the oil remained unbound at 1 hour; soap was ineffective with 62% of oil remaining unbound. An hour after exposure to water with chemicals leeched from an oil spill, there was a 63% reduction in survival in Artemia, when compared to natural conditions (p=0.001). Oil exposure exhibited a classic dose response curve as more Artemia died with increasing concentrations of oil; the associated LC 50 was 17.5%. Hair and polymer were well tolerated by Artemianeither reached their LC 50 and approximately 80% of Artemia were alive at the end of one hour. Soap, with or without oil, was toxic to Artemia and its LC 50 was 7%. These differences in survival were statistically significant between the three groups (ANOVA; p-value = <0.001). Hair and polymer we both effective and well tolerated by Artemia in an oil spill; soap was not effective and was toxic to Artemia. Objet: Pour déterminer la sécurité et l'efficacité de trois réactifs qui pourraient se servir à nettoyer une marée noire artificielle. Méthodes: L'efficacité de trois agents en nettoyant une marée noire artificielle a été évaluée: celle du savon liquide, de cheveux humains, et du polymère Enviro-Bond 403. Pour voir si ces agents sont sûrs, la survie de l'Artemia a été observée pendant une heure, et les dilutions en série ont été faites pour construire des courbes CL50 représentant un environnement normal (1er groupe témoin), une marée noire (2e groupe témoin), et une marée noire nettoyée avec chacun des trois agents. Résultats: Les cheveux et le polymère ont été des bons absorbants car seulement 12% et 20% du pétrole y restait après une heure, respectivement. Par contre, le savon a été inefficace car encore 62% du pétrole y restait. Pendant la première heure, la survie de l'Artemia dans une marée noire non traitée a été réduite par 63%, comparé aux conditions naturelles (p=0.001). L'exposition au pétrole a produit une courbe dose-réponse conventionnelle car plus d'Artemia sont morts quand la concentration du pétrole a été augmentée; son CL50 a été 17.5%. L'Artemia a supporté les cheveux et le polymère puisqu'aucun agent a atteint son CL50, et environ 80% de l'Artemia ont survécu après une heure. Le savon, n'importe s'il y avait du pétrole, a été to...

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Toxicity of dispersed weathered crude oil to early life stages of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus)

Cited by 68 publications

References 36 publications

Sensitivity of Different Early Developmental Periods of Baltic Herring (Clupea harengus) to Water-accommodated Fraction of Crude Oil

Sensitivity of Different Early Developmental Periods of Baltic Herring (Clupea harengus) to Water-accommodated Fraction of Crude Oil

Effects of MVRenaheavy fuel oil and dispersed oil on yellowtail kingfish early life stages

Effectiveness and toxicity of oil spill reagents on Artemia Salina

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