Toxicity of Field-Aged Permethrin-Loaded Attracticides on Choristoneura rosaceana (HARRIS) and Pandemis pyrusana Kearfott (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Adult Males and Females

Abstract

Lethal and sub lethal effects were evaluated in the laboratory on Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) and Pandemis pyrusana Kearfott males exposed to an attracticide loaded with permethrin and aged in the field. The effect of pairing conspecific females with previously intoxicated males was also evaluated. In both species a significantly greater mortality of male moths (≥ 95%) was observed 24 h after exposure to the attracticide formulation. Likewise, high levels of knock down (≥ 75%) were observed in males of both species 1 h after attracticide exposure. In females, knock down was ≥ 2.5% and mortality ≥ 3.3% after pairing with intoxicated males. Leg autotomy in males was at least 73% in C. rosaceana and ≥ 41% in P. pyrusana, 24 h after attracticide exposure; whereas it was only ≥ 10% among females of both species after pairing with intoxicated males. Moths exposed to an attracticide blank (permethrin-free) showed significantly lower effects in all parameters (0-3.3%). Fecundity and fertility were also significantly affected after pairing females with intoxicated males. There was no significant decrease in mortality, leg autotomy, and fecundity associated with age of the attracticide. Results suggest a high potential for the use of attracticides against these two tortricid species.

Decrease in Pupation and Adult Emergence of Plutella xylostella (L.) treated with Hexaflumuron

“…Sublethal concentrations of insecticides can influence the physiological and behavioral characteristics of insects (Haynes, 1988;Curkovic and Brunner, 2005;Curkovic et al, 2009), including larval and pupal weight (Jun et al, 1999), adult emergence (Yin et al, 2008), developmental time (Michaud and Grant, 2003;Golmohammadi et al, 2009), survival (Yin et al, 2008), and fecundity (Galvan T RESEARCH et al, 2005;Kellouche and Soltani, 2006;Wang et al, 2009). They also affect reproductive parameters, such as net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), finite rate of increase (λ), generation time (T) (Hui-Dong et al, 2004;Zanuncio et al, 2005;Mahmoudvand et al, 2011b), pre-oviposition, oviposition and post-oviposition periods (Josan and Singh, 2000;Hamedi et al, 2010), hatchability (Sammour et al, 2008), adult longevity (Cutler et al, 2005;Suh et al, 2009), egg size (Fujiwara et al, 2002), and sex ratio (Delpuech and Meyet, 2003).…”