Toxicity of Hydrazine and 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine (UDMH)

Reinhardt, Charles F.; Dinman, Bertram D.

doi:10.1080/00039896.1965.10664110

Cited by 39 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Although the livers of some treated animals showed early degenerative fatty infiltration, similar findings occur in some control animals. The report by Reinhardt and Dinman (1965) demonstrated an elevated level of rat serum lactic dehydrogenase 16 hours after a single ip injection of 80 mg of UDMH per kilogram of body weight. No histologic evidence of liver damage was found in those studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The subacute toxicity of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine

Cornish

Hartung

1969

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

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and 0 rats, respectively, in each group of 10. All deaths occurred within the first 3 days. Animals surviving the first 3 days began to gain weight even though daily dosing was continued. Animals receiving more than 10 mg/kg/day were markedly diuretic throughout the 21-day experimental period. Blood urea nitrogen and serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) levels were significantly elevated in the 50 mg/kg dose group at 21 days. SGOT also appeared somewhat elevated in the 30 mg/kg/ day group. Histopathologic studies showed some evidence of early lipid infiltration in the tubular epithelium of the kidney. Thus, although some animals appear to adjust to relatively high daily doses of UDMH, biochemical and histologic evidence indicates mild kidney damage in these animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The subacute toxicity of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine

Cornish

Hartung

1969

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

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“…They may also be anaerobically metabolized to the corresponding hydrazides, as was demonstrated for NM by Suss, using a guinea pig liver homogenate under No (29). The mutagenic and carcinogenic effects of a number of hydrazides (30)(31)(32)(33)(34) suggest consideration of this alternative. This is why it is important to relate the mutagenicity of a chemical in the hostmediated assay to the host's metabolic capabilities as defined by in vivo and in vitro enzyme studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evaluation of chemical mutagenicity data in relation to population risk: some factors affecting the host-mediated assay response.

Zeiger¹

1973

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Currently, traditional liquid propellant fuels are mainly composed of hydrazine derivatives and oxidizers like fuming nitric acid (FNA) and nitrogen tetroxide (N 2 O 4 ) . The strong carcinogenicity of hydrazine, the toxicity of N 2 O 4 , and the strong corrosivity of FNA increase the cost and environmental impact during handing, producing, and storing these propellants. − Thus, it is a huge challenge and meanwhile a hot topic to achieve environmentally benign fuel–oxidizer combinations in the field of propulsion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Perspective about the Reaction Mechanism and H₂ Production during the Combustion of Al Nanoparticles/H₂O₂ Bipropellants

Niu

Xue

et al. 2020

J. Phys. Chem. A

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The combination of Al nanoparticles (ANPs) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) can serve as environmentally friendly bipropellants and maximize the energetic benefits through harnessing heat release and chemical energy stored in H 2 . This work presents an atomic insight into the combustion mechanism of ANPs/H 2 O 2 . Two main paths, including the ANPs oxidation by H 2 O 2 to produce H 2 and Al oxides, and the catalytic decomposition of H 2 O 2 on ANP surface to generate O 2 and H 2 O, are confirmed to maintain the combustion. OH and HOO radicals as well as H 2 O, O 2 , H 2 , and Al oxides are detected as dominant intermediates and products therein. It is evidenced that higher temperature, smaller ANP size, and higher H 2 O 2 concentration enhance the combustion. Moreover, atomic details show that the H desorption from ANPs/Al clusters is a critical step for both H 2 production and ANP oxidation. In addition, microexplosion that has been confirmed in hot and dense O 2 is not observed in H 2 O 2 , even with a high concentration, possibly due to a slower heat release. Besides, the observed excellent specific impulse of the ANP/H 2 O 2 bipropellants could be attributed to the considerable H 2 production, instead of heat release. This work is expected to present an overall atomic perspective about the combustion mechanism of ANP/H 2 O 2 bipropellants.

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Toxicity of Hydrazine and 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine (UDMH)

Cited by 39 publications

References 17 publications

The subacute toxicity of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine

The subacute toxicity of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine

The evaluation of chemical mutagenicity data in relation to population risk: some factors affecting the host-mediated assay response.

Atomic Perspective about the Reaction Mechanism and H₂ Production during the Combustion of Al Nanoparticles/H₂O₂ Bipropellants

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Toxicity of Hydrazine and 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine (UDMH)

Cited by 39 publications

References 17 publications

The subacute toxicity of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine

The subacute toxicity of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine

The evaluation of chemical mutagenicity data in relation to population risk: some factors affecting the host-mediated assay response.

Atomic Perspective about the Reaction Mechanism and H2 Production during the Combustion of Al Nanoparticles/H2O2 Bipropellants

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Atomic Perspective about the Reaction Mechanism and H₂ Production during the Combustion of Al Nanoparticles/H₂O₂ Bipropellants