Toxicity of hydrolysis products from 3-butenyl glucosinolate in rats

Dietz, Herbert; Panigrahi, Shan; Harris, Ron

doi:10.1021/jf00002a019

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Toxicities of organic nitriles vary but are generally lower than cyanide salts and hydrogen cyanide. Toxicity seems particularly pronounced towards the liver (hepatotoxic) and kidney (Dietz et al 1991;Duncan 1991;Fenwick et al 1983;Van Etten et al 1969). The LD 50 in rats for ethyl CN (propanenitrile) is 50-100 mg kg -1 (Sittig 1985); for 1-cyano-2-hydroxy-3-butene, values of 170 mg kg -1 and 200 mg kg -1 have been reported Tookey et al 1980).…”

Section: Allergenic Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For 1-cyano-3,4 epithiobutane, mortality in rats occurred after ingestion of 180 mg kg -1 (Dietz et al 1991) and an LD 50 of 109 mg kg -1 has been reported ). An LD 50 range of 178-240 mg kg -1 was estimated for 1-cyano-2-hydroxy-3,4 epithiobutane (Van Etten et al 1969).…”

Section: Allergenic Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unsaturated nitriles appear to be less toxic than saturated nitriles. For example, rat oral LD 50 's exceeded 600 mg kg -1 for 3butenyl CN (4-pentenenitrile) and 720 mg kg -1 for benzonitrile, although acetonitrile (methyl CN) is an exception with a reported oral LD 50 in rats of 3030-6500 mg kg -1 (Dietz et al 1991;Smiley 1979).…”

Section: Allergenic Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glucosinolate-Containing Seed Meal as a Soil Amendment to Control Plant Pests: 2000-2002

Brown¹,

Morra²

2005

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Section: Allergenic Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Allergenic Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Glucosinolate-Containing Seed Meal as a Soil Amendment to Control Plant Pests: 2000-2002

Brown¹,

Morra²

2005

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“…In experiments of Munchmeyer et al (1974) pigs avoided myrosinase-treated high-glucosinolate rapeseed meal diets. More recently in low-glucosinolate rapeseed products the glucosinolate degradation by endogenous myrosinase activation increased diet acceptance by rats (Dietz et al 1991) or pigs (Schone et al 19946).…”

Section: Rapeseed: Iodine: Thyroid Hormones: Pigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Counteracting the negative effects of rapeseed and rapeseed press cake in pig diets

Schöne¹,

Rudolph²,

Kirchheim³

et al. 1997

Br J Nutr

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Rapeseed and rapeseed press cake were tested in four long-term experiments with a total of ninetyeight pigs. Rapeseed contained 20 and rapeseed press cake 19mmol glucosinolatedkg DM. The proportion of the tested rapeseed products in feed amounted to 0 (control), 50,100 and 150 g/kg diet. Moist-heat-treated rapeseed and rapeseed press cake with an extremely low glucosinolate content were also given at 150 g/kg diet. Each dietary rapeseed product level was given with 125 or 250 pg supplementary Iflrg diet. Reduced feed intake and growth retardation were found in groups receiving 150 g rapeseed productdkg diet; in the case of rapeseed the impairments were significant. Rapeseed products 2 100 glkg diet increased the thyroid weight and decreased the serum thyroxine (T4) concentration. Higher I dosage brought the serum T4 concentration to the level of the control group and retarded thyroid enlargement. Intake of rapeseed products lowered the I content of the thyroid; however, there was no significant difference between groups given 0.9 mmol glucosinolated kg diet and those receiving three times as much. Degrading glucosinolates by moisture and heat prevented feed intake depression and growth retardation. In the case of treated rapeseed the decreased serum T4 concentration and increased thyroid weight persisted, indicating formation of some antithyroid compounds due to myrosinase (EC 3.2.3.1) activation. A maximal glucosinolate content of 2 mmolkg diet and additional I application are a prerequisite for using rapeseed products in pig feeding.

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“…At a 0.1% level of addition, mixed nitriles brought about poor growth as well as liver and kidney lesions in rats after a 106 days of feeding (14). However, despite severe effects of 4, 5-epithiopentane nitrile on animals, no toxic effects were registered after the administration of its polymerized form (16). The toxic and goitrogenic effects of glucosinolate breakdown products were generally more pronounced in non-ruminants.…”

Section: Toxicity Antinutritional and Possible Beneficial Effects Ofmentioning

confidence: 94%

Thioglucosides of Brassica Oilseeds and Their Process-Induced Chemical Transformations

Shahidi

1994

ACS Symposium Series

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Glucosinolates are sulfur-containing compounds found in canola and other species of Brassica oilseeds and are considered as antinutritional factors. Glucosinolates and their degradation products are associated with various flavor, off-flavor and toxic effects in products derived from such seeds. Consequently, their removal from oilseeds is necessary for upgrading of the quality of their protein meals. Extraction of crushed canola seeds with methanol/ammonia/water removed 50-100% of individual glucosinolates present in the samples. However, removal of glucosinolates from seeds also coincided with the formation of degradation products such as epithionitriles, nitriles, isothiocyanates, sulfinylnitriles, sulfinylisothiocyanates, glucose and thioglucose. Although most glucosinolate degradation products were extracted into the polar methanol/ammonia/water phase, some residues were detected in the oil and protein meal fractions. Ultrafiltration may offer a means to further detoxify the resultant meals.Plants of the genus Brassica, including canola, contain glucosinolates which are considered as the source of goitrogens. Goiter enlargement and improper functioning of the thyroid gland due to iodine deficiency is consistently observed when Brassica seeds are fed to experimental animals (1-3). Sulfur-containing compounds in canola oil, derived from degradation of glucosinolates, have also been implicated as hydrogénation catalyst poisons (4). The basic chemical structure of glucosinolates which was established by Ettlinger and Lundeen in 1956 (5) is shown in Figure 1.More than one hundred glucosinolates are known to occur in nature (6), and these differ from one another due to differences in the side chain R-group O097-6156/94/0564-O106$08.18/0

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Toxicity of hydrolysis products from 3-butenyl glucosinolate in rats

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Glucosinolate-Containing Seed Meal as a Soil Amendment to Control Plant Pests: 2000-2002

Glucosinolate-Containing Seed Meal as a Soil Amendment to Control Plant Pests: 2000-2002

Counteracting the negative effects of rapeseed and rapeseed press cake in pig diets

Thioglucosides of Brassica Oilseeds and Their Process-Induced Chemical Transformations

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