Toxicity of Mycotoxins from Contaminated Corn with or without Yeast Cell Wall Adsorbent on Broiler Chickens

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of feeds naturally contaminated with mycotoxins on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, carcass traits, and splenic heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) mRNA expression levels in broiler chickens. The efficacy of yeast cell wall (YCW) adsorbent in preventing mycotoxicosis was also evaluated. Three hundred 1-d-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 3 treatments in completely randomized design for 42 d. Each treatment group had 5 replicate pens with 20 birds. The treatments were as follows: i) basal diet (control), ii) naturally contaminated diet (NCD), and iii) NCD+0.2% YCW adsorbent (NCDD). The NCD decreased average daily gain (ADG) (p<0.01) of 0 to 21 d, 22 to 42 d, and 0 to 42 d, and increased feed conversion ratio (p<0.01) of 22 to 42 d and 0 to 42 d. Both the breast meat percentage and thigh meat percentage of the NCD group were significantly higher (p<0.01) than that of the control group on d 21. The NCD group showed significantly increased levels of triglycerides (p<0.05) and cholesterol (p<0.05) on both d 21 and d 42 compared to the control group. However, the NCD significantly reduced (p<0.01) the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) on d 42 compared to controls. Compared with the NCD, supplementation with YCW significantly improved (p<0.01) the ADG of 0 to 21 d and 0 to 42 d, and increased (p<0.01) concentrations of HDL on d 42, and on d 21, and triglycerides (p<0.05) on d 21 and d 42. Supplementation with YCW reduced (p<0.01) the breast meat percentage, the thigh meat percentage, the concentrations of cholesterol (p<0.01) and the low-density lipoprotein (p<0.05) on d 21, and improved (p<0.01) the splenic Hsp70 mRNA expression levels compared with the NCD group. The results of this study indicated that feeding NCD for 42 d had adverse effects on broiler chickens, and that YCW might be beneficial in counteracting the effects of mycotoxins.

Effect of plant extracts derived from thyme and chamomile on the growth performance, gut morphology and immune system of broilers fed aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A contaminated diets

“…The results of the present study are in agreement with that from Ji et al (2016) and Shang et al (2016), who revealed that mycotoxin decreased lipid blood parameters. Decreased cholesterol levels may be attributed to the hepatotoxic effects of AFB and OTA or their synergetic effect that is characterised by impairment of transport and lipid metabolism of liver (Shang et al 2016). The HDL can remove cholesterol from the blood vessels and carries it back to the liver, where it can be processed and sent out of the body.…”

“…Furthermore, the decreased IgA production observed in this study may be related to the reduction of T lymphocytes as well as cytokines induced by AFB and OTA. It is well demonstrated that broilers fed with the dosage of 0.3 mg/kg AFB diet showed a decline population of T cells in the peripheral blood and decreases of mature T cell number and some cytokine (IL-2 and IL-6) mRNA expression in the ileum (Shang et al 2016).…”

The Effect of Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicate on Fatty Liver and the Composition of the Intestinal Microbiota in Overfed Landes Geese

“…Mycotoxins can be harmful to hosts. Mycotoxincontaminated feed may lead to consequences such as poor growth performance and meat quality, low nutrient digestibility, and increased disease incidence due to immunosuppression, all of which may result in economic losses (Swamy et al, 2002;Shang et al, 2016). Aflatoxin (AF) is a mycotoxin that particularly affects poultry and often occurs in naturally contaminated feeds (Aravind et al, 2003;Murugesan et al, 2015).…”

Method Development for Determination of Multi-Mycotoxins in Chicken Liver and Kidney Tissues by LC-MS/MS

“…곰팡이 독소에 오염된 사료의 경우, 한가지 이상의 곰팡 이를 포함하며, 한 종의 곰팡이가 하나 또는 여러 종류의 독 소를 생산하고, 각각의 곰팡이 독소는 다른 곰팡이에 의해서 생산될 수 있다 (Hussein and Brasel, 2001;Lee et al, 2002). 여러 종의 곰팡이 독소가 오염된 사료의 경우, 섭취 시 상승 작용으로 추가적인 독성을 유발할 수 있다 (Shang et al, 2015).…”