Toxicity of mycotoxins in vivo on vertebrate organisms: A review

Cimbalo, Alessandra; Alonso-Garrido, Manuel; Font, Guillermina; Manyes, Lara

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2020.111161

Cited by 152 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…In general, several animal species, such as mice, rats, chickens, turkey, fish, pigs, sheep, and cows, have been used to evaluate the toxicology of mycotoxins. When choosing a particular animal model for toxicological research, it must be borne in mind that animal species often show different susceptibilities to mycotoxins [ 1 , 74 ]. In much of the contemporary research on mycotoxicology, DON has been the most frequently analyzed mycotoxin.…”

Section: Experimental Models Used To Assess the Intestinal Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Compromised Intestinal Barrier Induced by Mycotoxins

Gao

Meng

Liu

et al. 2020

Toxins

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Mycotoxins are fungal metabolites that occur in human foods and animal feeds, potentially threatening human and animal health. The intestine is considered as the first barrier against these external contaminants, and it consists of interconnected physical, chemical, immunological, and microbial barriers. In this context, based on in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models, we summarize the literature for compromised intestinal barrier issues caused by various mycotoxins, and we reviewed events related to disrupted intestinal integrity (physical barrier), thinned mucus layer (chemical barrier), imbalanced inflammatory factors (immunological barrier), and dysfunctional bacterial homeostasis (microbial barrier). We also provide important information on deoxynivalenol, a leading mycotoxin implicated in intestinal dysfunction, and other adverse intestinal effects induced by other mycotoxins, including aflatoxins and ochratoxin A. In addition, intestinal perturbations caused by mycotoxins may also contribute to the development of mycotoxicosis, including human chronic intestinal inflammatory diseases. Therefore, we provide a clear understanding of compromised intestinal barrier induced by mycotoxins, with a view to potentially develop innovative strategies to prevent and treat mycotoxicosis. In addition, because of increased combinatorial interactions between mycotoxins, we explore the interactive effects of multiple mycotoxins in this review.

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Section: Experimental Models Used To Assess the Intestinal Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mycotoxins are the non-enzymatic poisonous metabolites produced by fungi such as Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium genera [ 1 , 2 ]. In recent years, approximately 500 mycotoxins derived from these fungal species and others have been identified [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Compromised Intestinal Barrier Induced by Mycotoxins

Gao

Meng

Liu

et al. 2020

Toxins

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“…Fusarium emerging mycotoxins include enniatins (ENNs), beauvericin (BEA), moniliformin (MON) and fusaproliferin (FUS). Carcinogenicity, immunotoxicity and neurotoxicity are the main toxicological effects of emerging mycotoxins (Cimbalo et al, 2020). Emerging fusariotoxins have mostly been investigated in Mediterranean countries.…”

Section: Emerging Mycotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status of Mycotoxin Contamination of Food and Feeds and Associated Public Health Risk in Serbia

Milićević¹,

Udovički²,

Petrović³

et al. 2020

Meat Technology

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Mycotoxins are chemical hazards of microbiological origin, produced mainly by filamentous fungi during their secondary metabolism. The role of mycotoxins has been recognized in the aetiology of a number of diseases, particularly cancers that belong to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The NCDs have a leading and growing contribution to preventable deaths and disability across the globe. The NCDs are known as chronic diseases, tend to be of long duration and are the result of a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental and behavioural factors. Following the increased interest in health effects caused by synergisms between natural and synthetic contaminants along the food chain, mycotoxin contamination will continue to be an area of concern for producers, manufacturers, regulatory agencies, researchers and consumers in the future. Considering that their presence in food depends strongly on climatic conditions, in Serbia, recent drought and then flooding confirmed that mycotoxins are one of the foodborne hazards most susceptible to climate change. In this article, we review key aspects of mycotoxin contamination of the food supply chain and attempt to highlight the latest trends and projections for mycotoxin reduction from a Serbian perspective.

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“…They have been found in a wide range of crops such as maize, peanut, walnut, and their derived products [1]. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified AFs as class 1 human carcinogens [2,3]. Twelve AFs types have been identified: AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, AFM1, AFM2, AFP1, AFQ, AFH1, AFGM, AFB2a, and aflatoxicol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of magnetic mesoporous silica from rice husk for aflatoxin B1 removal: Optimum process and adsorption mechanism

Ren

Chen

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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The liquid foodstuffs such as edible oil products remain a problem of excessive aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) content. This paper focused on the preparation of magnetic mesoporous silica (MMS) from rice husk ash for the removal of AFB1 in oil system. The MMS preparation process, adsorption conditions, structural characteristics, and adsorption mechanism were investigated. The optimum conditions for MMS preparation were pH 11.0 and 80˚C for 24 h. The characterization results showed that magnetic particles were successfully embedded in the MMS and had high responsiveness to a magnetic field, which was advantageous for recyclability. The MMS had ordered uniform channels with a specific surface area of 730.98 m 2 /g and pore diameter of 2.43 nm. The optimum adsorption conditions were 2 h at 20˚C. For AFB1 with an initial concentration of 0.2 μg/mL, the MMS adsorption capacity was 171.98 μg/g and the adsorption rate was 94.59%. The MMS adsorption isotherm fitted the Langmuir model well under the assumption of monolayer AFB1 adsorption with uniformly distributed adsorption sites on the MMS surface. The maximum amount of AFB1 adsorbed according to the Langmuir isotherm was 1118.69 μg/g. A quasi-second-order kinetic model gave a better fit to the process of AFB1 adsorption on MMS. The values of ΔH (−19.17 kJ/ mol) and ΔG (−34.09, −34.61, and −35.15 kJ/mol at 283, 293, and 303 K, respectively) were negative, indicating that AFB1 adsorption on MMS was a spontaneous exothermic process. The results indicated that MMS was a promising material for AFB1 removal in oil system, and this study will serve as a guide for practical MMS applications.

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Toxicity of mycotoxins in vivo on vertebrate organisms: A review

Cited by 152 publications

References 155 publications

The Compromised Intestinal Barrier Induced by Mycotoxins

The Compromised Intestinal Barrier Induced by Mycotoxins

Current Status of Mycotoxin Contamination of Food and Feeds and Associated Public Health Risk in Serbia

Preparation of magnetic mesoporous silica from rice husk for aflatoxin B1 removal: Optimum process and adsorption mechanism

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