Toxicity of pulai plant extract (Alstonia scholaris) as a natural pesticide against pest Spodoptera litura

Abstract

The aspects of nutritional adequacy in food security have been realized by the public and industry, especially for export needs. The use of synthetic pesticides creates residues that affect the quality of agricultural products so natural pesticides are needed. Pulai plant extract (Alstonia scholaris) contains flavonoids and alkaloids that are toxic to insect pests. This study was to determine the effect of pulai extract on Spodoptera litura mortality. This study is used a completely randomized design (CRD) method with 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% of pulai extract concentration and 1 control with 5 replicates, each replication consisting of 10 larvae. Pulai leaf extraction through maceration method and S. litura used was insar II larvae, then the toxicity test was carried out by dipping cabbage into the extract solution, then observing the mortality rate of the test insects and analyzed using probit LC50 analysis. The result is the value of LC50 for 24 hours is 43.25% and 48 hours is 13.26%. Observation showed that the higher the concentration of the pulai extract, the higher the mortality rate of S. litura. So it was concluded that the extract of the pulai plant is toxic to S. litura.

Application of majapahit (Crescentia cujete L.) fruit extract to control armyworm (Spodoptera litura Fabricius, 1775) infestation in Chinese mustard crops

“…This value may vary depending on the plant species, extraction method, the tested insect target, and the duration of exposure. Syarifuddin et al [20] reported differing LC50 values from Alstonia scholaris extract against S. litura, with 43% at 24 hours and 13% at 48 hours. In other study, the LC50 value of Cosmos caudatus against S. litura was estimated around 36% [21].…”