Toxicity of silver nanoparticles, multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and dendrimers assessed with multicellular organism Caenorhabditis elegans

Abstract

Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) was used to investigate the impact of silver nanoparticles (SNP), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), and polyamidoamine dendrimers (PAMAM) used in concentration of 10 particle/mL. Population-based observations and gene expression analysis were employed in this study. SNP and PAMAM caused decrease in the number of live nematodes and their body length, but MWCNT did not affect the population of nematodes. Gene expression analysis revealed significant changes caused by the presence of all studied nanomaterials, and the results strongly suggest a specific metabolic response of the nematode organism to exposure to various nanomaterials. It was shown that C. elegans is a very sensitive organism capable to respond specifically to the exposure to some nanomaterials and therefore could be considered as a possible biosensor for early warning of presence of some nanoparticles.

Graphene Nanoribbons: Prospects of Application in Biomedicine and Toxicity

“…The studies that are concerned with the closest chemical and structural analogues of GNRs–CNTs and graphene indicate their significant effects on various types of living organisms. A large number of studies demonstrate the toxic effects of carbon nanomaterials in relation to bacteria [ 106 , 107 , 108 ], fungi [ 109 , 110 ], protozoa [ 111 ], algae [ 112 , 113 , 114 ], higher plants [ 115 , 116 ], roundworms [ 117 , 118 , 119 ], arthropods [ 120 ], and mammals [ 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 ]. In addition, the possibility of bioaccumulation of carbon nanomaterials in living organisms has been investigated [ 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 ].…”

Engineering the surface of graphene oxide with bovine serum albumin for improved biocompatibility inCaenorhabditis elegans

“…Exposure to other nanomaterials including multi-walled carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, TiO 2 , Ag, ZnO, SiO 2 , Au, and iron oxide nanoparticles has also shown toxic effects in the nematode C. elegans. [18][19][20][21][22][23] Designing the surface of a nanomaterial is one of the key parameters in mitigating its toxicity to enhance its biocompatibility. The surface modication of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with bovine serum albumin (BSA) reduced its toxicity in C. elegans.…”

Biotin Transport-Targeting Polysaccharide-Modified PAMAM G3 Dendrimer as System Delivering α-Mangostin into Cancer Cells and C. elegans Worms

“…Based on the survival curves after 7 days of incubation, the LC 50 values were also calculated for αM, G3 2B12gh5M , G3 2B10gh17M , and control vehicle G3 2B12gh (Table 3, Figure 12), the latter showing a moderate toxicity level [64]. As expected, each of the G3 2B12gh5M and G3 2B10gh17M conjugates was more toxic than the G3 2B12gh control vehicle (by 6.3-and 36-fold, respectively) or free αM, with the activities of G3 2B12gh5M and G3 2B10gh17M , compared to free αM, being stronger by 2.4-and 13.6-fold, respectively (Table 3).…”