Toxicity of the phenolic extract from jabuticabeira (Myrciaria cauliflora (Mart.) O. Berg) fruit skins on Spodoptera frugiperda

Abstract

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith, 1797 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the main pest of maize, besides attacking sorghum and cotton crops. The control of this pest has been accomplished mainly with the use of synthetic insecticides but, due to the growing concern about the environment and food quality, phenolic compounds have shown their potential for the biological control of this insect. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of the extract of jabuticabeira, Myrciaria cauliflora [Mart.] O. Berg (Myrtaceae) fruit skin flour in the control of S. frugiperda. Skins of M. cauliflora Sabará genotype were dried at 45 °C in a forced air oven. In order to obtain the extract, 1.0 g flour was mixed with 10 mL acetone: water solution (7:3 v/v). Forty-eight-hour-old S. frugiperda caterpillars were placed in glass tubes with an artificial diet containing the extract at concentrations of 0, 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg L -1 . The extract, in which the phenolic compounds gallic acid, gallocatechin, catechin, epicatechin, ellagic acid, and salicylic acid were identified at a concentration of 2000 mg L -1 , in average, increased mortality rates by 150% in the larval stage, duration of larval stages by 60%, and pupal by 17%, and decreased amount of females by 55%. On the other hand, the extract at 1000 mg L -1 only increased duration of larval period by 24%. It was concluded that the extract is harmful to this insect, probably due to the presence of phenolic compounds.

Malpighia emarginata DC. bagasse acetone extract: Phenolic compounds and their effecton Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

“…Given that there are no available research data on the use of ABF in pest control, the results obtained in this study complement those of Santos et al (2013) and Alves et al (2014), who used natural products such as cassava Manihot esculenta Crantz leaf powder and jabuticaba skin flour, respectively, to control S. frugiperda caterpillars.…”

“…In contrast, Melo et al (2011) studied grape and guava bagasse and found gallic acid, epicatechin, quercetin, isovanillic acid, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, and resveratrol. Alves et al (2014) reported gallic acid, gallocatechin, catechin, epicatechin, ellagic acid, and salicylic acid in jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora (Mart.) O. Berg) skin flour.…”

“…Alves et al (2014) studied the effects of acetone extract from jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora [Mart.] O. Berg) skin flour on the development of S. frugiperda and found that the reduction in their growth was proportional to the concentration and quantity of ingested phenolic compounds.…”

“…Therefore, the search for new products with insecticidal action against this pest is of great importance. The potential of the products of plant metabolism to control insect pests has been evaluated (Tirelli et al, 2010;Alves et al, 2011;Santos et al, 2013;Alves et al, 2014). Secondary metabolites are involved in plant defense against herbivores and as such have the potential to be used in the control of insect infestations.…”

Toxic effects of Ricinus communis non-protein trypsin inhibitor on Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)

“…Due to those factors, organic cultivation has been increased, replacing the use of chemical insecticides by alternative methods of pest control (Uchino et al, 2015). A promising alternative to control fall armyworm is the use of plants secondary metabolites (Tavares et al, 2009;Alves et al, 2014). These chemicals compounds produced by plants can induce deleterious effects on insects such as weight loss, fecundity and fertility reduction, increasing duration of immature stages, feeding deterrence, ultra structural modification on tissues, changes in some nutritional parameters, and inhibition of digestive enzymes, which is lethal to some insects (Malau and James, 2008;Nathan et al, 2008;Correia et al, 2009).…”