Toxicity of total dissolved solids associated with two mine effluents to chironomid larvae and early life stages of rainbow trout

Chapman, Peter M.; Bailey, Howard C.; Canaria, Edmund

doi:10.1002/etc.5620190125

Cited by 41 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Soucek and Kennedy (2005) observed lethal effects of sulfate to H. azteca (512 mg/L), C. dubia (2,050 mg/L), and C. tentans (14,134 mg/L). Chapman et al (2000) also found reductions in survival and growth of C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Isolating Effects of Total Dissolved Solids on Aquatic Life in Central Appalachian Coalfield Streams

Timpano¹,

Schoenholtz²,

Zipper³

et al. 2010

JASMR

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Elevated levels of total dissolved solids (TDS) have been identified as stressors to aquatic life in Central Appalachian coalfield streams. At present there are no aquatic life water quality criteria for TDS in the primary coal-producing Central Appalachian states (KY, VA, WV). In all three states, mining-related impacts on aquatic life have been characterized using measures of benthic macroinvertebrate community structure. Impacts of mining on aquatic life have been documented in the literature, but our understanding of impacts from TDS is confounded because elevated TDS rarely occurs independent of other stressors in coalfield streams. Potential TDS covariates in coalfield streams include acidic pH, toxic metals, sedimentation, in-stream and riparian habitat degradation, trophic structure alteration, and hydrologic modification. As a means of isolating TDS effects, we identified 17 headwater streams in Virginia's coalfield region that represent a gradient of TDS concentrations, where influence from non-TDS stressors was minimized (i.e., pH between 6.0 and 9.0, low metal concentrations, reference-quality habitat, primarily forested land-use). Benthic macroinvertebrate communities were sampled from these streams in Spring 2009. Organisms were enumerated and identified to the family/lowest practicable level. These data were then used to calculate common benthic macroinvertebrate community metrics. In addition, TDS and component ions were measured for water collected concurrently with biological samples. Data were analyzed for significant associations between TDS and biological metrics. We identified stream sites with elevated TDS where influence from non-TDS stressors was minimal. Dominant components of TDS were sulfate (46% by weight, mean), bicarbonate (26%), and calcium (13%). Several benthic macroinvertebrate richness measures were correlated negatively with increasing TDS (p < 0.05). Relative abundance measures, including Percent Ephemeroptera, were not correlated significantly with TDS (p > 0.05) within the range of TDS that we measured (28-792 mg/L). Our results suggest sulfate is a good candidate for single-parameter prediction of biological condition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Isolating Effects of Total Dissolved Solids on Aquatic Life in Central Appalachian Coalfield Streams

Timpano¹,

Schoenholtz²,

Zipper³

et al. 2010

JASMR

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“…To test the models with more field-relevant ion compositions, additional toxicity tests were conducted on synthetic waters patterned after effluents and surface waters with anthropogenic elevations of major ions. Various published data [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and some unpublished data of the authors were examined and used to formulate 10 test waters that encompassed the range of variability observed for cation and anion ratios from these sources and which were feasible to prepare in the laboratory. Table 1 provides the fractional cation and anion concentrations (on a molar basis) in these "field-based mixtures."…”

Section: Model Parameterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The acute toxicity of major ion salts to Ceriodaphnia dubia. III. Mathematical models for mixture toxicity

Erickson

Mount

Highland

et al. 2017

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Based on previous research on the acute toxicity of major ions (Na þ , K þ , Ca 2þ , Mg 2þ , Cl -, SO 4 2-, and HCO 3 -/CO 3 2-) to Ceriodaphnia dubia, a mathematical model was developed for predicting the median lethal concentration (LC50) for any ion mixture, excepting those dominated by K-specific toxicity. One component of the model describes a mechanism of general ion toxicity to which all ions contribute and predicts LC50s as a function of osmolarity and Ca activity. The other component describes Mg/Ca-specific toxicity to apply when such toxicity exceeds the general ion toxicity and predicts LC50s as a function of Mg and Ca activities. This model not only tracks well the observed LC50s from past research used for model development but also successfully predicts LC50s from new toxicity tests on synthetic mixtures of ions emulating chemistries of various ion-enriched effluents and receiving waters. It also performs better than a previously published model for major ion toxicity. Because of the complexities of estimating chemical activities and osmolarity, a simplified model based directly on ion concentrations was also developed and found to provide useful predictions.

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“…… This impairs the use of the streams and ultimately leads to listing of these streams as 'impaired water bodies' in EPA's water quality reports …'' (Pomponio 2009). Several recent studies (Chapman et al 2000;Goodfellow et al 2009;Pond et al 2008;Timpano et al 2010) have addressed the issue of TDS as a major stressor upon receiving streams in mined watersheds and are discussed in more detail later in this paper. More recent EPA guidance (issued in 2011; subsequently withdrawn) was based on the belief that mine discharges with EC levels\300 ls/cm generally will not cause significant degradation of the aquatic ecosystem while instream conductivity levels [500 ls/cm are likely to be associated with significant adverse impacts on the aquatic ecosystem.…”

Section: Background On Spoil Weathering and Tds Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting release and aquatic effects of total dissolved solids from Appalachian USA coal mines

Daniels

Zipper

Orndorff

2014

Int J Coal Sci Technol

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Appalachian USA coal mines have been implicated as major stressors to aquatic life in headwater streams via discharge of total dissolved solids (TDS). This paper summarizes column leaching studies of spoils (n [ 50) and refuse and TDS effects on local water quality and biotic response. The initial pH of most materials is near-neutral. Initial specific conductance (SC) values range from 500-1,000 to [3,000 ls/cm, but 2/3 of materials drop below 500 ls/cm after several pore volumes of leaching. Studies of mining-influenced streams have found altered aquatic life, relative to natural conditions with no mining influence, at SC ranging from *200 to *700 ls/cm with depressed aquatic life consistently associated with elevated TDS; mechanisms causing such effects are under investigation. We suggest that active mine operations should be modified to place high TDS producing materials in ways that reduce contact with percolating drainage waters.

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Toxicity of total dissolved solids associated with two mine effluents to chironomid larvae and early life stages of rainbow trout

Cited by 41 publications

References 8 publications

Isolating Effects of Total Dissolved Solids on Aquatic Life in Central Appalachian Coalfield Streams

Isolating Effects of Total Dissolved Solids on Aquatic Life in Central Appalachian Coalfield Streams

The acute toxicity of major ion salts to Ceriodaphnia dubia. III. Mathematical models for mixture toxicity

Predicting release and aquatic effects of total dissolved solids from Appalachian USA coal mines

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