Toxicity of untreated and ozone-treated oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) to early life stages of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)

He, Yuhe; Patterson, Sarah; Wang, Nan; Hecker, Markus; Martin, Jonathan W.; El-Din, Mohamed Gamal; Giesy, John P.; Wiseman, Steve

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2012.09.004

Cited by 147 publications

(100 citation statements)

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“…Trends of reduced hatch length, delayed hatch and increased deformities were observed in medaka larvae exposed to NAFC concentrations below acute toxicity thresholds (Farwell et al, 2006). Fathead minnow embryos exposed to fresh OSPW showed increased rates of cardiovascular and spinal deformities, premature hatching and greater rates of spontaneous activity than control embryos (He et al, 2012a). These embryological effects may be due to increased oxidative stress and abnormally high rates of apoptosis, and not through cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A)-mediated toxicity (He et al, 2012a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of naphthenic acid fraction components extracted from fresh and aged oil sands process-affected waters, and commercial naphthenic acid mixtures, to fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) embryos

et al. 2015

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of naphthenic acid fraction components extracted from fresh and aged oil sands process-affected waters, and commercial naphthenic acid mixtures, to fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) embryos

et al. 2015

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“…Biological treatment is generally the most costeffective way to treat wastewater (Scott et al 2008); however, treating OSPW by biological method alone is very slow Anderson et al 2012: Kannel andGan 2012), mainly because many NAs are biorecalcitrant (Han et al 2009). In contrast to the ineffective biological method, ozonation, one of the advanced oxidation technologies, can effectively remove NAs Perez-Estrada et al 2011;He et al 2012). Especially, ozone targets preferentially NAs with greater molecular weights and numbers of rings, which tend to be more resistant to biodegradation Wang et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The former involves the reaction between molecular ozone and pollutants, while the latter is between the pollutants and the free radicals generated from self-decomposition of ozone (Hoigne and Bader 1976;Wu 2005). Although ozone removal of NAs in OSPW was investigated by several researchers (Scott et al 2008;Gamal El-Din et al 2011;Anderson et al 2012;He et al 2012;Kannel and Gan 2012;Martin et al 2010;Hwang et al 2013), information on the reaction kinetics is still absent. The lack of this information makes the reactor design impossible and hence hinders the development of ozone technology in OSPW treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozonation of Naphthenic Acids in Water: Kinetic Study

jibouri

Upreti

2015

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The large amount of oil sands processaffected water (OSPW), produced from the extraction of oil from oil sands in Alberta, Canada, has demonstrated both acute and chronic toxicity to many species due to the presence of naphthenic acids (NAs). The Bzero discharge^policy posted by the Alberta government presents a major challenge for the oil sands industries. In this study, ozonation was used to remove model NAs from water. It was found that the removal of NAs increased with the temperature. The kinetics of direct ozonation between molecular ozone and NAs was investigated in the presence of a radical scavenger, sodium bicarbonate. The rate constants of the direct ozonation at 5, 15 and 25°C were determined to be 0.67, 2.71 and 8.85 M −1 s −1 , respectively, and the activation energy of the direct ozonation was found to be 88.85 kJ mol −1 . The kinetics of indirect ozonation was also studied. By using pCBA as a hydroxyl radical probe compound to determine the hydroxyl radical concentration and applying the ratio of hydroxyl radical concentration to dissolved ozone concentration, R ct , the rate constants of the indirect ozonation of NAs were found to be 1.12×10 8 , 1.78×10 8 and 2.33×10 8 M −1 s −1 at 5, 15 and 25°C, respectively. In addition, from the Arrhenius plot of the rate constants, the activation energy of the indirect ozonation was found to be 25.41 kJ mole −1 .

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“…Exposure to OSPW was shown to alter gene expression of male fathead minnows involved in oxidative stress, oxidative metabolism (which involves biotransformation), apoptosis and immune function [34].In another study, fathead minnow embryos exposed to OSPW hatched prematurely and the embryos exhibited higher incidences of hemorrhage, pericardial edema and malformation of the spine [35]. These embryos had elevated reactive oxygen species with a greater abundance of transcripts for CYP3A, GST, SOD and caspase 9.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparative toxicity of selected naphthenic acids, oil sands processed water and surface waters in rainbow trout hepatocytes: A gene expression study

Gagné¹,

André²,

Turcotte³

et al. 2016

SOJB

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Open Access Research articledeposits and is considered one of the world's largest oil reserves with an estimated yield of 27 billion cubic meters of crude oil [1]. OS consist of about 10% bitumen and 5% water, with the remainder being sand and clay. The extraction process involves adding hot caustic water to OS under aeration to separate bitumen from the OS (Clark extraction process). The crude oil fraction, which partitions at the surface, is then further extracted with the addition of solvents (naphtha, toluene) to yield a more concentrated non-polar fraction. The remaining water and sediment deposits constitute the OSPW, which is released into large tailing ponds covering many square kilometers. Numerous contaminants are found in OSPW, including a number of alkaliextractable compounds such as Naphthenic Acids (NAs), polyaromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons and various inorganic elements such as sodium, vanadium, strontium, calcium, nickel and sulfates [2][3][4].Recent evidence has shown that OS mining activity was associated with increased releases of dissolved PAHs and heavy metals, which raised concerns about the ecotoxicological consequences of these activities [5][6]. NAs are cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons that can reach concentrations as high as 50 mg/ L in tailing ponds [7]. NAs follow the C n H 2n-z O x rule which comprise at least one carboxylic acid and they are suspected to be a major component of OSPW toxicity. However, the presence of NAs has been observed in runoff waters (leachates) from OS storage sites, indicating that OSPW is not the only source of NA in the environment [8]. This highlights the difficulty of identifying specific markers of OSPW in the environment at low levels, although the highest concentrations of NAs are found in OSPW.The toxicity of OSPW to aquatic organisms has received increasing attention over the last decade. Toxicity has been examined at various levels, including endocrine disruption, DNA damage, immune competence, biotransformation and reproduction. Goldfish exposed to OSPW for 12 weeks showed elevated expression of pro inflammatorygenes such as interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor 2 in the spleen and kidneys [9]. This AbstractThis study examined the cytotoxic properties of selected naphthenic Acids (NA), commercial mixtures of NA in rainbow trout hepatocytes and compares the responses with Oil Sand Processed Water (OSPW) and river water extracts. Hepatocytes were exposed to increasing concentrations of selected NAs (z = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10), 2 commercial mixtures of NA, 2 OSPW, and surface waters upstream and downstream from the Athabasca River at an OS development area (Alberta, Canada) for 48 h at 15°C. Cell viability, total RNA levels and the expression of 15 gene transcripts involved in biotransformation (CYP1A1, CYP3A4, GST and MDR), oxidative stress (SOD, CAT, GST), DNA damage/repair (UNG, APEX, LIG, GADD45, OGG), estrogenicity (VTG and ER2), cell growth (PCNA, GADD45), and glycolysis (GAPDH) were determined. Individual NAs induced the expression most of t...

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Toxicity of untreated and ozone-treated oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) to early life stages of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)

Cited by 147 publications

References 59 publications

Toxicity of naphthenic acid fraction components extracted from fresh and aged oil sands process-affected waters, and commercial naphthenic acid mixtures, to fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) embryos

Toxicity of naphthenic acid fraction components extracted from fresh and aged oil sands process-affected waters, and commercial naphthenic acid mixtures, to fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) embryos

Ozonation of Naphthenic Acids in Water: Kinetic Study

Comparative toxicity of selected naphthenic acids, oil sands processed water and surface waters in rainbow trout hepatocytes: A gene expression study

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