Toxicity Studies on Anti-fungal Essential Oils Extracted from Selected Aromatic Plants from Mabira and Kakamega Forests, East Africa

Nakavuma, Jesca; Matasyoh, Josphat C.; Wagara, I. N.; Kalema, John; Alinaitwe, Lordrick

doi:10.9734/ejmp/2016/25185

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In this study, single dose of 2000 mg/kg C. citratus essential oil administration did not cause any toxicity signs or mortality in the first 24 h of the experiment and all the way to the 14th day. This finding is in agreement with the study conducted by Costa et al [26] and Nakavuma et al [27]. Further, in line with our finding, [28] reported LD 50 value of 3250 mg/kg body weight in rats.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Phytochemical analysis and evaluation of skin irritation, acute and sub-acute toxicity of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil in mice and rabbits

et al. 2019

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Phytochemical analysis and evaluation of skin irritation, acute and sub-acute toxicity of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil in mice and rabbits

et al. 2019

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“…Liver histopathology of both treatment and control group animals was almost the same with normal morphology of hepatocytes, central vein and portal triads. This finding is in good agreement with that of Nakavuma et al (2016), who showed lack of gross and microscopic changes in the mice tissues and organs treated with R. officinalis essential oil.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…R. officinalis essential oil is safe since agents having LD 50 value greater than 2000 mg/kg are considered as relatively safe (Nath and Yadav, 2015). This finding correlates with that of Fahim et al (1999) and Nakavuma et al (2016), who reported LD 50 value of 5,000 g/kg and 4,723 mg/kg respectively. On the contrary, Alnamer et al (2012) reported R. officinalis essential oil LD 50 of 897.85 mg/kg; which is much lower than the LD 50 value of the present study and previously reported value.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Verbenone (0.521%), linalool (1.262%), and limonene (1.729%) (Mekonnen et al, 2016). While the major constituents of R. officinalis oil used in the study of Nakavuma et al (2016) were α-pinene (26.46%); 1, 8cineole (24.20%), verbenone (9.41%), geraniol (3.38%), linalool (3.12%), and limonene (3.02%) (Un-published data) and Alnamer et al (2012) study had composition of α-pinene (15.82%), camphene (6.80%), ß-pinene (4.75%), myrcene (1.70%), p-cymene (2.16%), 1, 8cineole (50.49%), camphor (11.61%), broneol (2.58%), and broneol acetate (2.08%). Higher 1, 8-cineole (50.49%) content in the study of Alnamer et al (2012) as compared to the present study and Nakavuma et al (2016) study might play role for the observed difference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute skin irritation, acute and sub-acute oral toxicity studies of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oils in mice and rabbit

Mengiste¹,

Dires²,

Lulekal³

et al. 2018

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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In Ankober, Northern Ethiopia, Rosmarinus officinalis has been commonly used for flavoring foods as a condiment; moreover, the plant has also been widely used for different medicinal purposes. The current study was undertaken to provide data on acute and subacute toxicity in mice as well as skin irritation of R. officinalis essential oil in rabbit. Acute dermal and oral toxicity tests were conducted using limited dose of 2000 mg/kg. In sub-acute study, 1000 mg/kg were given by gavage to mice for 28 consecutive days. The mice were weighed and various observations like mortality, behavior, injury, or any signs of illness were conducted once daily during the study period. At the end of each study, biochemical parameters were evaluated and kidney and liver were taken after sacrifice for gross findings and histological analyses. For dermal toxicity, 10% ointment formulation of oils was applied on the rabbit skin to evaluate whether the animals sustained significant skin damage. The LD 50 of R. officinalis essential oil for both dermal and oral administration is greater than 2000 mg/kg. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) observed in the body weights, biochemical parameters, and gross abnormalities, as compared to the control in subacute study. No mortality was recorded. Pathological studies showed that there were no any macroscopic changes in kidneys and liver and all of them have normal appearance. The data of acute skin irritation test demonstrated that 10% R. officinalis oils ointment formulation did not induce acute toxicity in the skin of the animals. Overall, the findings of this study indicate that R. officinalis essential oil is non-toxic.

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“…Flavonoids, glycosides, saponins (Tjeck et al, 2017) Poaceae: Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf kidney and intestines (Nakavuma et al, 2016) Poaceae: Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.…”

Section: Mammea Africana Sabinementioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of anti-diabetic plants used in Gabon: Pharmacology and toxicology

Taika

Bouckandou

Souza

et al. 2018

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Toxicity Studies on Anti-fungal Essential Oils Extracted from Selected Aromatic Plants from Mabira and Kakamega Forests, East Africa

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Phytochemical analysis and evaluation of skin irritation, acute and sub-acute toxicity of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil in mice and rabbits

Phytochemical analysis and evaluation of skin irritation, acute and sub-acute toxicity of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil in mice and rabbits

Acute skin irritation, acute and sub-acute oral toxicity studies of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oils in mice and rabbit

An overview of anti-diabetic plants used in Gabon: Pharmacology and toxicology

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