Toxicity to<i>Candida albicans</i>mediated by human serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Bliss, Joseph M.; Laforce-Nesbitt, Sonia S.

doi:10.1111/j.1574-695x.2006.00063.x

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Several previous studies published by other investigators have shown the enhancing role of antibody opsonization in C. albicans killing by blood leukocytes. Bliss et al (22) challenged in vitro peripheral blood human mononuclear cells with serum opsonized C. albicans and found a fungicidal effect mediated by specific antibodies that was dependent on monocytes. The antibody-dependent mechanism of C. albicans killing by neutrophils uses Fc-γ receptors, protein kinase C (PKC), and reactive oxygen metabolites, while the antibody-independent mechanism depends on complement 3 receptor (CR3), PI3K and CARD9 (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Administration of Human Polyvalent IgG by Mouthwash as an Adjunctive Treatment of Chronic Oral Candidiasis

Pedraza-Sánchez

Méndez-León²,

González

et al. 2018

Front. Immunol.

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Candida albicans is a commensal fungus that can cause disease ranging in severity from moderate to severe mucosal infections to more serious life-threating disseminated infections in severely immunocompromised hosts. Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) occurs in patients with mutations in genes affecting IL-17-mediated immunity, such as STAT3, AIRE, RORC, CARD9, IL12B, and IL12RB1, or gain of function (GOF) mutations in STAT1. New strategies for the treatment of candidiasis are needed because of the increased burden of infections and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. In this study, we investigated an aspect of the role of antibodies in the control of C. albicans infection. We tested in vitro the effects of C. albicans opsonization with commercial human polyvalent intravenous IgG (IV IgG) on NADPH oxidase activity and killing of the fungi by blood leukocytes from 11 healthy donors and found a significant enhancement in both phenomena that was improved by IV IgG opsonization. Then, we hypothesized that the opsonization of Candida in vivo could help its elimination by mucosal phagocytes in human patients with mucocutaneous candidiasis. We tested a novel adjunctive treatment for oral candidiasis in humans based on topical treatment with IV IgG. For this purpose, we choose two pediatric patients with well-characterized primary immunodeficiencies who are susceptible to CMC. Two 8-year-old female patients with an autosomal recessive mutation in the IL12RB1 gene (P1, with oral candidiasis) and a GOF mutation in STAT1 (P2, with severe CMC persistent since the age of 8 months and resistant to pharmacological treatments) were treated with IV IgG administered daily three times a day as a mouthwash over the course of 2 weeks. The treatment with the IV IgG mouthwash reduced C. albicans mouth infection by 98 and 70% in P1 and P2, respectively, after 13 days, and complete fungal clearance was observed after complementary nystatin and caspofungin treatments, respectively. Therefore, treatment of oral candidiasis with human polyvalent IgG administered as a mouthwash helps eliminate mucosal infection in humans, circumventing drug resistance, and opening its potential use in patients with primary or transient immunodeficiency.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Administration of Human Polyvalent IgG by Mouthwash as an Adjunctive Treatment of Chronic Oral Candidiasis

Pedraza-Sánchez

Méndez-León²,

González

et al. 2018

Front. Immunol.

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“…Although many studies in the literature have demonstrated that human serum can stimulate C. albicans biofilm growth, increase the number of planktonic cells, and upregulate the expression of virulence genes [ 55 ], we observed contrary effects to this pattern. In fact, some inhibitory events in Candida physiology have been associated with components of the innate immune system present in both bovine and human sera [ 56 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saps1–3 Antigens in Candida albicans: Differential Modulation Following Exposure to Soluble Proteins, Mammalian Cells, and Infection in Mice

Barbosa,

Gonçalves,

Ramos

et al. 2024

Infectious Disease Reports

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The secreted aspartic peptidases (Saps) of Candida albicans play crucial roles in various steps of fungal–host interactions. Using a flow cytometry approach, this study investigated the expression of Saps1–3 antigens after (i) incubation with soluble proteins, (ii) interaction with mammalian cells, and (iii) infection in immunosuppressed BALB/c mice. Supplementation strategies involving increasing concentrations of bovine serum albumin (BSA) added to yeast carbon base (YCB) medium as the sole nitrogenous source revealed a positive and significant correlation between BSA concentration and both the growth rate and the percentage of fluorescent cells (%FC) labeled with anti-Saps1–3 antibodies. Supplementing the YCB medium with various soluble proteins significantly modulated the expression of Saps1–3 antigens in C. albicans. Specifically, immunoglobulin G, gelatin, and total bovine/human sera significantly reduced the %FC, while laminin, human serum albumin, fibrinogen, hemoglobin, and mucin considerably increased the %FC compared to BSA. Furthermore, co-cultivating C. albicans yeasts with either live epithelial or macrophage cells induced the expression of Saps1–3 antigens in 78% (mean fluorescence intensity [MFI] = 152.1) and 82.7% (MFI = 178.2) of the yeast cells, respectively, compared to BSA, which resulted in 29.3% fluorescent cells (MFI = 50.9). Lastly, the yeasts recovered from the kidneys of infected immunosuppressed mice demonstrated a 4.8-fold increase in the production of Saps1–3 antigens (MFI = 246.6) compared to BSA, with 95.5% of yeasts labeled with anti-Saps1–3 antibodies. Altogether, these results demonstrated the positive modulation of Saps’ expression in C. albicans by various key host proteinaceous components, as well as by in vitro and in vivo host challenges.

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“…Recent studies have shown that naturally occurring serum antibodies against C. albicans mannan can function as opsonins to mediate phagocytic killing (23). In a study by Bliss and colleagues serum concentrations as low as 1% resulted in 50% inhibition of C. albicans metabolic activity after incubation with peripheral blood mononuclear cells at an effector to target ratio of eight (24). Measurable inhibition was also achieved at lower effector to target ratios and lower serum concentrations, and at least a portion of the metabolic inhibition reflected fungal cell death.…”

Section: Are Specific Antibodies Important?mentioning

confidence: 99%

How the host fights against Candida infections

Richardson

2009

Front Biosci

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Candida albicans is the predominant cause of both superficial and invasive forms of candidosis, although the proportion of serious infections attributed to other members of the genus is rising.. The spectrum of host defences include cell mediated immunity which is comprised of cytokine release by lymphocytes and activation of natural killer cells and lymphocytes by interleukins.. An increasing body of evidence supports a role for specific antibody in protection against invasive Candida infection. Clinical observations indicate that mucocutaneous Candida infections are commonly associated with defective cell-mediated immune responses. Innate immunity is the dominant protective mechanism against disseminated candidosis. Quantitative and qualitative abnormalities of neutrophils and monocytes are associated with systemic candidosis. In the present review virulence factors and the spectrum of immune responses are discussed in relation to the perspective for the development of appropriate vaccines against Candida. Here we present an overview of toll-like receptor signalling, cellular-dependent responses, the role of specific antibodies in protection against Candida, and the array of immune mechanisms that operate in gastrointestinal, vaginal and oral candidosis.

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Toxicity toCandida albicansmediated by human serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

Oral Administration of Human Polyvalent IgG by Mouthwash as an Adjunctive Treatment of Chronic Oral Candidiasis

Oral Administration of Human Polyvalent IgG by Mouthwash as an Adjunctive Treatment of Chronic Oral Candidiasis

Saps1–3 Antigens in Candida albicans: Differential Modulation Following Exposure to Soluble Proteins, Mammalian Cells, and Infection in Mice

How the host fights against Candida infections

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