Toxicological evaluation of exposed SPMD membranes

Kočí, Václav; Mlejnek, Martin; Kochánková, Lucie

doi:10.2478/bf02479255

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…They do not take into consideration the synergistic and antagonistic effects of pollutants in complex mixtures, nor do they reflect the actual bioavailability of the pollutants. Moreover, it is important to evaluate the final effect of these bioavailable contaminants to the environment, not only a chemical composition of such a sample (Kočí et al 2003). The use of selective bioanalytical tools, particularly in connection with chemical analysis, can circumvent these limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical analysis provides only part of the knowledge necessary to evaluate the toxic potential of organic contaminants and does not take into consideration bioavailability or the interactions (synergism, antagonism) between pollutants in complex mixtures (Kočí et al 2003). Therefore, use of selective bioanalytical tools, particularly in connection with chemical analysis, can circumvent these limitations and link contamination (cause) with biological effects and, therefore, provide unique information on ecosystem health (Bucheli and Fent 1995).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Using Semipermeable Membrane Devices, Bioassays, and Chemical Analysis for Evaluation of Bioavailable Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water

Qiao

et al. 2007

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Abstract. Meiliang Bay is a sublake of Taihu Lake and has been polluted by domestic and industrial effluents. As part of a comprehensive risk assessment project in this region, semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) were applied to evaluate the levels and potential toxic potency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in lakewater, in combination with chemical analysis and in vitro bioassay using H4IIE rat hepatoma cells. In addition, induction of hepatic ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, in crucian carp (Carassius auratus), caged in the vicinity of SPMD sampling sites was also used as a biomarker of exposure to PAHs and related chemicals. The caged crucian carp accumulated similar PAH profile patterns (p < 0.001) but at lower levels compared with SPMDs on a wet-weight basis. Total concentrations of PAHs in crucian carp muscle tissues ranged from 35.6 to 69.1 ng/g after the 32-day exposure, whereas total PAHs in SPMDs ranged from 716.9 to 1007.8 ng/g. Dialysates from SPMDs exposed to Meiliang Bay water caused marked EROD activity in H4IIE cells. Toxic potency of dialysates expressed as bioassay-derived 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (TCDD-EQ) ranged from 3.8 to 6.2 pg TCDD-EQ/g SPMD for 32-day exposure samples. A linear correlation of total amount of PAHs and in vitro TCDD-EQ of SPMD dialysates yielded an R 2 of 0.82. Empirical evidence suggests that aryl hydrocarbon receptor-active PAHs can account for about 42-56% of the potency observed. Significant induction of liver EROD activity was also observed in crucian carp caged alongside SPMDs and there was a good correlation between the results of EROD assays in vivo and in vitro (R 2 = 0.62, p = 0.02). It is, therefore, suggested that the SPMD technique in connection with chemical analysis and specific in vitro bioassays might be a valuable tool to assess the levels and effects of bioavailable hydrophobic pollutants in water.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Semipermeable Membrane Devices, Bioassays, and Chemical Analysis for Evaluation of Bioavailable Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water

Qiao

et al. 2007

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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“…Tipos de muestreadores pasivos para la detección de hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos. Semipermeable membrane devices (SPMD) Agua dulce Klučárová et al (2013) Semipermeable membrane devices (SPMD) Agua residual Koci et al (2003) Fuente: elaboración propia.…”

Section: (Tabla 3)unclassified

Contaminación en agua y sedimentos por hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos: Revisión de la dinámica y los métodos analíticos

et al. 2019

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El aumento en el uso de combustibles fósiles y el desarrollo industrial, ha llevado al aumento de la concentración de hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos (HAP) en los recursos naturales incluyendo el aire, el agua y el suelo, esto ha derivado en el incremento de enfermedades respiratorias, dérmicas, cancerígenas, mutagénicas y teratogénicas en la población. Esta revisión, tiene como objetivo presentar las fuentes de emisión, transporte, destino, los principales congéneres de HAP, sus propiedades fisicoquímicas, el muestreo pasivo, las técnicas de extracción y la aplicación de metodologías analíticas en agua y sedimentos como la cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas, que permiten la evaluación de estas sustancias y garantizar la calidad de los recursos hídricos. En Colombia se han presentado dificultades en la implementación de estas técnicas de extracción e identificación de HAP debido a su elevado costo y al desconocimiento de los riesgos ambientales y a la salud humana por parte de las autoridades.

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“…Determined EC50s of SPMD extracts were used for determination of Vtox values. 32 The parameter Vtox allows the comparison of the toxicity of samples obtained from SPMDs with different durations of exposition, different sites, projects and laboratories. The value of Vtox represents a volume of media which is theoretically needed for dilution of all toxicants absorbed in one membrane during one average day of deployment to obtain solution with chosen effective concentration, for example EC50.…”

Section: Toxicity Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The following formula (2) defi nes Vtox, where (m) is the concentration of extracted membranes in solvent mixture expressed as number of membranes in ml of solvent mixture (pcs.ml −1 ), (d) is duration of deployment of the membrane during sampling (days) and EC50 (ml.L −1 ) is effective concentration of extract on a chosen organism. 32…”

Section: Toxicity Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Background Level of Pops in Ground Water Assessed on Chemical and Toxicity Analysis of Exposed Semipermeable Membrane Devices

Kočí

Ocelka

Grabic

2009

Air, Soil and Water Research

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Persistent compounds are present around almost the entire world. The level of contamination in very old groundwater sources (Cennoman bedrock Mesozoic, approximately 100 millions year old) was assessed. This offers an information about realistic natural background. Together with chemical analysis a toxicity evaluation of sampled sites was performed. Semipermeable membrane devices were applied as a sampling system. Exposed SPMDs were analyzed both for chemical contain of POPs and toxicity properties. The chemical analyses of PAHs were made by HPLC-FLD, PCBs and OCPs were analysed by GC/MS/MS on GCQ or PolarisQ (Thermoquest). Toxicity bioassays on alga Desmodesmus subspicatus, bacteria Vibrio fi scheri and crustacean Daphnia magna was performed. The results show very low contamination of groundwater with POPs with concentrations close to detection limits of applied analytical tools. Even this low contamination was possible to rank based on the obtained toxicity data. Toxicity proved to be a good parameter for determination of relative POPs contamination where concentration is near to detection limits and thus correct determination of all POPs cannot be undertaken. Although contamination levels were found to be very low, a secondary contamination of PCBs through the bedrock was observed. Organochlorine pesticides were found at a sampling site near a mouth of the ground watershed. Applied toxicity tests confi rmed the presence of toxic substances and marked sites of higher contamination. Application of toxicological parameter Vtox allowed the ranking of assessed sites by their contamination level even in cases where concentrations of pollutants were near or under detection limits and it was not therefore possible to rank the sites on the basis of chemical parameters. Toxicity response of bioassays obtained on SPMDs exposed in clean groundwater can be used as a background toxicity values for further SPMD applications. Secondary contamination with PCBs and pesticides was detected in Cennoman groundwater. Toxicity evaluation of SPMD extract can be used as an effective tool for ranking of general level of water contamination.

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Toxicological evaluation of exposed SPMD membranes

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Using Semipermeable Membrane Devices, Bioassays, and Chemical Analysis for Evaluation of Bioavailable Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water

Using Semipermeable Membrane Devices, Bioassays, and Chemical Analysis for Evaluation of Bioavailable Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water

Contaminación en agua y sedimentos por hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos: Revisión de la dinámica y los métodos analíticos

Background Level of Pops in Ground Water Assessed on Chemical and Toxicity Analysis of Exposed Semipermeable Membrane Devices

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