Toxicological Evaluation of Some Food Additives Including Anticaking Agents, Antimicrobials, Antioxidants, Emulsifiers and Thickening Agents. Who Food Additives Series, No. 5. 520 Seiten. Geneva 1974. Preis: Sw. fr. 23,—

Zobel, M.

doi:10.1002/food.19760200616

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…9 The U.S. Food and Drug Administration classifies PG as being "generally recognized as safe" if the daily intake does not exceed 25 mg/kg body weight. 2,10 However, PG can make up to 5% of alcoholic beverages, 24% of confections and frostings, 2.5% of frozen dairy products, and 97% of seasonings and flavorings. 2 Ingestion of large quantities of such products can generate toxicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propylene glycol toxicity in an adolescent secondary to chronic cornstarch ingestion

Downey,

Keklik,

Morrissey

et al. 2024

JACEP Open

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Propylene glycol (PG) is a diol (a double alcohol) that is commonly used as a food additive to preserve shelf life and enhance flavors, texture, and appearance. Although PG makes up only a small percentage of cornstarch, ingestion of large doses can cause lactic acidosis leading to hyperosmolarity, high anion gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA), and a sepsis‐like syndrome.A 17‐year‐old female presented to our emergency department (ED) with chronic chest pain, dyspnea, nausea, and vomiting. Laboratory testing showed an elevated anion gap of 18 mEq/L with no osmolar gap. Toxicology screening was negative. Twelve hours after ED arrival, she admitted to consuming one box of cornstarch daily for the past 6 months. She was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with multisystem organ failure due to propylene glycol toxicity. After empiric treatment with fomepizole and continuous renal replacement therapy, her clinical status gradually improved. This case highlights the importance of obtaining a thorough dietary history in patients with suspected toxicities, especially when laboratory values demonstrate an unexplained HAGMA and/or lactic acidosis. Prompt recognition and therapeutic intervention with fomepizole, a potent inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, is essential in reducing life‐threatening sequelae following toxic alcohol ingestions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propylene glycol toxicity in an adolescent secondary to chronic cornstarch ingestion

Downey,

Keklik,

Morrissey

et al. 2024

JACEP Open

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“…The AP demonstrated high sperm toxicity at 10 mM. Ascorbyl palmitate is a lipophilic derivate of AA ( Caritá et al, 2020 ) and for decades has been used as an antioxidant food additive ( Zobel, 1976 ). After oral administration of AP, the molecule is esterified in ascorbic and palmitic acids, but the in vitro addition of AP inhibited cytochrome P450 activity ( Dresser et al, 2002 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-thaw quality of ram sperm frozen with different concentrations of low-density lipoproteins associated with non-enzymatic antioxidants

et al. 2023

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The cryopreservation reduces ram sperm quality, decreasing the pregnancy rate of ewes inseminated with thawed sperm. Hence, we aimed to improve the post-thaw quality of ram sperm replacing egg yolk on Tris-Glucose extender with different concentrations of LDL (2 or 8%), associated with the addition of 10 mM non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbic acid, hydroxytoluene butylate, ascorbyl palmitate, and trehalose). Semen samples were collected from six rams, split into different treatments, and frozen. After thawing, kinematic (CASA), structural (propidium iodide and carboxyfluorescein diacetate) and functional (hypoosmotic test) sperm membrane integrity was assessed. Total motility, VCL, and LIN were also assessed in thawed samples during 3 h of incubation (38 °C). The results showed that hydroxytoluene butylate at 10 mM in Tris-Glucose extender with 8% LDL improved velocity parameters immediately post-thaw compared with Tris-Glucose egg yolk extender, as well as prevented the reduction of total motility and VCL after incubation. There was no benefit of adding ascorbic acid and trehalose. Moreover, for the first time, it was shown the motility impairment promoted by ascorbyl palmitate to ram sperm.

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“…As recently demonstrated (Perugini et al, 2018), the instability of caseinate-stabilized nanoemulsions at acidic pH was overcome using a mixed system, containing a blend of a nonionic surfactant, having very low toxicity (Tween 20) (Zobel, 1976), and caseinate. In the present study, nanoemulsions made of caseinate and by a blend of caseinate and Tween 20 are selected for being loaded with curcumin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Curcumin Bioavailability through Nonionic Surfactant/Caseinate Mixed Nanoemulsions

Cuomo

Perugini

Marconi

et al. 2019

Journal of Food Science

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The potential of heterogeneous systems like oil‐in‐water (O/W) nanoemulsions is exploited as an oral delivery system for curcumin, a natural lipophilic compound with numerous health benefits. Two types of O/W nanoemulsions, one stabilized by sodium caseinate (Cas‐O/W), a surface‐active and emulsifying protein, and the other stabilized by a blend of caseinate and Tween 20 (Mix‐O/W), were loaded with the bioactive compound and tested through a simulated gastrointestinal digestion process to evaluate their effects on delivering of curcumin. It was first demonstrated that the amount of curcumin solubilized through Mix‐O/W nanoemulsion was higher than that in Cas‐O/W nanoemulsion. Cas‐O/W nanoemulsions, indeed, at their best, solubilized about 55 µg/mL of curcumin while Mix‐O/W nanoemulsions reached a curcumin concentration around 180 µg/mL. Furthermore, for both the systems an increase of curcumin loading capacity was recorded with the rise of incubation temperature. Finally, after the in vitro simulated digestion process, the potential curcumin bioavailability was evaluated and the data suggested that Mix‐O/W nanoemulsions provided more than twice the amount of curcumin compared to Cas‐O/W nanoemulsions. On balance, the outcomes of this investigation demonstrated that the mixed emulsifier system offered a higher amount of lipophilic compound with a low fat intake compared to nanoemulsions stabilized by sodium caseinate. Practical Application The outcomes of this study allow the recognition of the protein/surfactant‐stabilized nanoemulsions as a suitable solution to deliver curcumin. The nanoemulsions proposed here provide a high intake of curcumin, a lipophilic compound, with low fat content. The use of such delivery systems helps to overcome limits in oral bioavailability related with the scarce solubility of some compounds in food preparations and beverages.

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Toxicological Evaluation of Some Food Additives Including Anticaking Agents, Antimicrobials, Antioxidants, Emulsifiers and Thickening Agents. Who Food Additives Series, No. 5. 520 Seiten. Geneva 1974. Preis: Sw. fr. 23,—

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Propylene glycol toxicity in an adolescent secondary to chronic cornstarch ingestion

Propylene glycol toxicity in an adolescent secondary to chronic cornstarch ingestion

Post-thaw quality of ram sperm frozen with different concentrations of low-density lipoproteins associated with non-enzymatic antioxidants

Enhanced Curcumin Bioavailability through Nonionic Surfactant/Caseinate Mixed Nanoemulsions

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